B9- Respiration

Question 1

What type of reaction is respiration?

Answer 1

Exothermic reaction that constantly happens in cells

Question 2

Formula for aerobic respiration:

Answer 2

Glucose + oxygen&raquo_space;> carbon dioxide + water

Question 3

Where does aerobic respiration take place in the body?

Answer 3

It takes place in the mitochondria in all living cells

Question 4

What is a test that we can see that respiration has taken place?

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide turns limewater murky showing respiration has taken place.

Question 5

What do we need respiration for?

Answer 5

• To build large molecules from smaller ones and to make new cell material.
• To make muscles contract, even when you are sleeping you require this.
• To keep you warm and keep you cool by transferring heat to the surroundings.
• Moves mineral ions like nitrates from the soil to root hair cells which transfers to convert sugars and other nutrients.

Question 6

What is a response to exercise?

Answer 6

• Heart rate increases and the arteries supplying blood to your muscles widen so there can be an increase in oxygen and glucose for an increase in respiration.
• Breathing rate increases which brings more air into our lungs meaning the rate of oxygen is increased and carbon dioxide can be taken out faster.
• Glycogen is converted to Glucose to give the cells the fuel they need to increase respiration.

Question 7

Formula for anaerobic respiration:

Answer 7

Glucose&raquo_space;» lactic acid

Question 8

Why is lactic acid produced?

Answer 8

This is because glucose molecules are not broken down completely so produces lactic acid instead of carbon dioxide and water

Question 9

Why does anaerobic respiration transfer less energy?

Answer 9

This is because the breakdown of glucose is incomplete and less energy is transferred less as there is not as much fuel

Question 10

Why does your body respire anaerobically

Answer 10

Because the muscles are running out of oxygen for aerobic respiration and the body has to convert to using anaerobic respiration which leads to build up of lactic acid.

Question 11

Why do you still have to breath heavily after exercise?

Answer 11

You still need to breathe heavily for a while because you need to get oxygen into your muscles to break down the lactic acid, this is called oxygen debt.

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi:

Answer 12

Glucose&raquo_space;> Ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 13

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 13

When exercise is over, lactic avid has to be broken down to produce carbon dioxide and water and this needs oxygen

Question 14

Formula for oxygen debt:

Answer 14

Lactic acid + oxygen&raquo_space;> carbon dioxide + water

Question 15

What is metabolism?

Answer 15

The sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell.

Question 16

What are the most common metabolic reactions?

Answer 16

Conversion of starch, glycogen and cellulose.
Forming lipids from glycerol and fatty acids.
Use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids to make protein.
Respiration
Photosynthesis

Question 17

What is the role of the liver?

Answer 17

Detoxifying poisonous substances like ethanol in alcohol.
Passing the breakdown products into blood to be excreted.
Breaking down old blood cells and storing iron until to symphysis blood cells.
De-animation- breaking down proteins to amino acids.

Question 18

How does the liver help remove lactic acid?

Answer 18

Blood transports lactic acid to the liver to be converted back to glucose. Lactic acid has then been converted to glucose and then that is broken down to carbon dioxide and water. Glucose can also be stored in glycogen in the liver until it is needed.