B9 - Respiration Flashcards
What is aerobic respiration, what type of reaction is it, and where does it occur?
It is when glucose reacts with oxygen to create carbon dioxide and water. This is an exothermic reaction and occurs in the mitochondria.
During exercise, what changes take place in your body?
- heart rate increases and your arteries supplying blood to your muscles dilate (widen) which results in the increase of oxygen to the muscles.
- breathing rate increases to try to maximise the oxygen being taken in
- stored glycogen is converted into glucose for respiration
link all to respiration
What is anaerobic respiration and what does it create?
It is when your body uses glucose to provide energy instead of using oxygen as the blood can’t supply oxygen to the cells fast enough.
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed to convert lactic acid back into glucose. After exercising your heart and breathing rate stays high to supply the extra oxygen to pay off this debt.
How is anaerobic respiration in plants different to the ones that take place in animals.
Ethanol and carbon dioxide is produced instead of lactic acid. This is called fermentation and is used for alcohol and bread.
What is metabolism?
The sum of all reactions that take place in a cell or body.
Name 3 metabolic reactions
- photosynthesis
- respiration
- conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
What does the liver do?
- detoxifies substances like ethanol in alcohol, passes the broken down products in the blood so they can be let out in the urine
- breaks down old blood cells and stores its iron until its needed to create more blood cells
- converts lactic acid back into glucose
What does lactic acid cause?
causes muscle fatigue and soreness
Name 4 uses of energy from respiration.
- muscle contraction
- keeping warm
- active transport
- building larger molecules
