B7 - Non-Communicable Diseases Flashcards
Name 2 non-communicable diseases found in plants.
Magnesium ion deficiency
Nitrate ion deficiency
define health
the state of physical and mental well-being
List 4 risk factors for non-communicable disease
- genes
- drugs
- lack of exercise
- carcinogens
define tumour cells
mutations of the body’s cells which leads to uncontrolled growth and division
define benign tumour
A noncancerous growth of abnormal cells contained in one area. They don’t invade other parts of the body.
define malignant tumour
A cancerous growth of tumour cells. They can spread around the body and invade neighbouring tissues.
List 3 dangerous chemicals found in tobacco.
- tar
- nicotine
- carbon monoxide
define carcinogen
a substance which increases the risk of cancer
List 3 ways smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Smoking damages the lining of the coronary arteries which encourages the build-up of fatty material
- Carbon monoxide binds to haemoglobin
- Nicotine increases heart rate which puts strain on the heart
List 3 ways smoking increases the risk of lung disease.
- destroys alveoli
- cancer from carcinogens (tar)
- difficulty in obtaining oxygen required for respiration
3 effects of smoking on babies
Increased risk of:
- miscarriage
- respiratory infections
- birth defects
What disease can obesity lead to?
Type 2 diabetes
define diabetes
when blood glucose levels are too high
What is type 1 diabetes?
when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin
What is type 2 diabetes?
when the body’s cells lose their sensitivity to insulin
