B8 photosynthesis Flashcards
define photosynthesis
the process that takes place in the green parts of plants when it’s light, in order to make food
what is the word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
where is chlorophyll found
in the chloroplasts in the cells of algae and leaves
how is carbon dioxide and water converted into glucose
energy is transferred from the environment to chloroplasts by light and then used to covert carbon dioxide and water to glucose
what type of reaction is photosynthesis
endothermic- requires an input of energy from the surroundings to take place
what is done with the glucose not used for respiration
it is stored as insoluble starch
what are some adaptations of leaves
broad- big surface area to absorb light
thin- short diffusion distance for gases
chlorophyll in chloroplasts- absorbs light
veins- carries water to leaves and removes products of photosynthesis
air spaces- co2 can get to cells and o2 can leave
guard cells- open and close stomata to regulate gas exchange
what is a limiting factor
things that when in short supply can limit the amount of photosynthesis a plant can manage
why is carbon dioxide often a limiting factor
because the atmosphere only contains 0.04%
why do carbon dioxide concentrations rise at night
because plants respire in the dark but they don’t photosynthesise
what colour does starch turn iodine solution
blue/black
why do plants and algal cells need nitrate ions absorbed from the soil
to make amino acids used to make proteins used for growth
why do people use greenhouses
because they can control the environment for their plants and get rid of limiting factors
what is hydroponics
when plants are grown in water with a perfect balance of nutrients instead of soil
