b6.3.15 cardiovascular disease

Question 1

what does ‘cardiovascular disease’ mean

Answer 1

disease to do with the heart or its blood vessels

Question 2

what happens to your arteries if you have obesity

Answer 2

1. there are fat deposits in the artery walls
2. this reduces the flow of blood
3. less oxygen is being transported to the muscles
4. the cells then die

Question 3

what is astherosclerosis

Answer 3

fat deposits leads to the narrowing and hardening of the arteries

Question 4

what happens when blood clots on the arteries to the heart

Answer 4

causes heart attacks

Question 5

what happens when blood clots on the arteries to the brain

Answer 5

causes a stroke

Question 6

why do blood clots leas to such huge results

Answer 6

if blood can’t reach the brain/ heart, that means that it can’t receive oxygen. This means that the cells can’t respire aerobically, meaning that the cells can die.

Question 7

what are the factors CVD

Answer 7

Poor diet
Too little exercise
Smoking
High blood pressure

Question 8

How does diet affect CVD

Answer 8

too much salt: more water in kidneys means higher blood pressure
too much saturated fat: cholesterol is deposited in the artery walls, narrowing the vessels, reducing the blood flow

Question 9

how does exercise affect CVD

Answer 9

• decreases body mass
• healthier joints
• stronger heart
• lower cholesterol levels (less to build up)

Question 10

how does smoking affect CVD

Answer 10

The carbon monoxide stops oxygen from reaching the red blood cells. So less oxygen is being transported around. This increases b.p as the heart has to pump more blood around for cells and muscles to get the oxygen.