b6.3.15 cardiovascular disease Flashcards
what does ‘cardiovascular disease’ mean
disease to do with the heart or its blood vessels
what happens to your arteries if you have obesity
- there are fat deposits in the artery walls
- this reduces the flow of blood
- less oxygen is being transported to the muscles
- the cells then die
what is astherosclerosis
fat deposits leads to the narrowing and hardening of the arteries
what happens when blood clots on the arteries to the heart
causes heart attacks
what happens when blood clots on the arteries to the brain
causes a stroke
why do blood clots leas to such huge results
if blood can’t reach the brain/ heart, that means that it can’t receive oxygen. This means that the cells can’t respire aerobically, meaning that the cells can die.
what are the factors CVD
Poor diet
Too little exercise
Smoking
High blood pressure
How does diet affect CVD
too much salt: more water in kidneys means higher blood pressure
too much saturated fat: cholesterol is deposited in the artery walls, narrowing the vessels, reducing the blood flow
how does exercise affect CVD
- decreases body mass
- healthier joints
- stronger heart
- lower cholesterol levels (less to build up)
how does smoking affect CVD
The carbon monoxide stops oxygen from reaching the red blood cells. So less oxygen is being transported around. This increases b.p as the heart has to pump more blood around for cells and muscles to get the oxygen.