b6.2.5 producing a genetically engineered organism

Question 1

steps to genetically engineer an organism

Answer 1

1. identify genes for desired characteristic
2. remove gene from donor organism
3. insert the gene into the host organism

Question 2

what are the 2 types of enzymes

Answer 2

restriction- used to cut the donor DNA and also the bacterial plasmid
ligase - they rejoin the DNA

Question 3

explain ‘sticky ends’

Answer 3

the restriction enzymes cuts the DNA leaving some exposed bases. these are called ‘sticky ends’, and complementary base pairing is used to join them together

Question 4

how can we check for a successful transfer

Answer 4

add a gene for antibiotic resistance when putting in the desired characteristic into the bacterial plasmid. then breed the bacteria in an antibiotic. if the bacteria grows, then it has the desired characteristic and also has antibacterial properties.

Question 5

what is the plasmid with the desired gene put into it called

Answer 5

recombinant plasmid

Question 6

what is the bacteria at the end called

Answer 6

transgenic bacteria