b6.3.13 new medicines

Question 1

what is the first step taken in testing a product

Answer 1

tested on animals

Question 2

what is the second step taken in testing a product

Answer 2

Tested on humans

1. healthy volunteers
2. small number of people that suffer from the condition are tested
3. the drug is tested on a large number of people that suffer from the condition

Question 3

placebo effect

Answer 3

sometimes people can feel better simply because they expect to feel better due to medicine. To overcome it, scientists do a double blind trial . They give either a placebo or the real medication to a volunteer and then get their feedback. Neither the patient nor the doctor knows what medicine they have.

Question 4

testing on animals

Answer 4

some believe testing on animals is cruel and goes against the animal rights
others think that if animals’ suffering can be minimised and it provides a benefit to research and humans, it can be tested upon animals.

Question 5

3R’s

Answer 5

Reduction (use the smallest number of animals possible)
Refinement (Improve the experiments to avoid unnecessary suffering)
Replacement (replace the use of animals with other techniques such as cell cultures or computer models)