B6 Flashcards
Digestion
breakdown of large, insoluble food molecules into small, water-soluble molecules using mechanical and chemical processes
Ingestion
the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the body through the mouth
Mechanical digestion
breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change
to the food molecules
Chemical digestion
breakdown of large, insoluble molecules into small, soluble
molecules
Absorption
movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood
Assimilation
movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where
they are used, becoming part of the cells
Egestion
passing out of food that has not been digested, as faeces, through the anus
Amylase function
breaks down starch to simpler sugars
Protease function
breaks down protein to amino acids
Lipase function
breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol
Balanced diet
diet consisting of all of the food groups in the correct proportions
Hydrochloric acid function
killing bacteria in food and giving acidic pH for enzymes
Proper care of teeth
- brush with fluoride toothpaste daily
- avoid high-carb and sugar diets
- consume calcium and vitamin C
Molars
flat surface, and are used to chew and grind food
Premolars
flat surface, and are used to chew and grind food
Canine
used to bite into and tear food
Incisor
cutting food into small chewable pieces
Dental decay
coating of bacteria and food on teeth, the
bacteria respiring sugars in the food, producing
acid which dissolves the enamel and dentine
Mouth
Food is ingested here and the teeth break it down into smaller
pieces during mechanical digestion
Salivary glands
releases saliva is secreted into the mouth
Oesophagus
This tube connects the mouth to the stomach
Liver
Bile is produced here
Stomach
Churning of the muscular stomach walls continues the process
of mechanical digestion
Gall bladder
Bile is stored here before being released into the duodenum via
the bile duct
