B6

Question 1

Digestion

Answer 1

breakdown of large, insoluble food molecules into small, water-soluble molecules using mechanical and chemical processes

Question 2

Ingestion

Answer 2

the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the body through the mouth

Question 3

Mechanical digestion

Answer 3

breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change
to the food molecules

Question 4

Chemical digestion

Answer 4

breakdown of large, insoluble molecules into small, soluble
molecules

Question 5

Absorption

Answer 5

movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood

Question 6

Assimilation

Answer 6

movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where
they are used, becoming part of the cells

Question 7

Egestion

Answer 7

passing out of food that has not been digested, as faeces, through the anus

Question 8

Amylase function

Answer 8

breaks down starch to simpler sugars

Question 9

Protease function

Answer 9

breaks down protein to amino acids

Question 10

Lipase function

Answer 10

breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol

Question 11

Balanced diet

Answer 11

diet consisting of all of the food groups in the correct proportions

Question 12

Hydrochloric acid function

Answer 12

killing bacteria in food and giving acidic pH for enzymes

Question 13

Proper care of teeth

Answer 13

• brush with fluoride toothpaste daily
• avoid high-carb and sugar diets
• consume calcium and vitamin C

Question 14

Molars

Answer 14

flat surface, and are used to chew and grind food

Question 15

Premolars

Answer 15

flat surface, and are used to chew and grind food

Question 16

Canine

Answer 16

used to bite into and tear food

Question 17

Incisor

Answer 17

cutting food into small chewable pieces

Question 18

Dental decay

Answer 18

coating of bacteria and food on teeth, the
bacteria respiring sugars in the food, producing
acid which dissolves the enamel and dentine

Question 19

Mouth

Answer 19

Food is ingested here and the teeth break it down into smaller
pieces during mechanical digestion

Question 20

Salivary glands

Answer 20

releases saliva is secreted into the mouth

Question 21

Oesophagus

Answer 21

This tube connects the mouth to the stomach

Question 22

Liver

Answer 22

Bile is produced here

Question 23

Stomach

Answer 23

Churning of the muscular stomach walls continues the process
of mechanical digestion

Question 24

Gall bladder

Answer 24

Bile is stored here before being released into the duodenum via
the bile duct

Question 25

Pancreas

Answer 25

Amylase, protease and lipase enzymes are produced here
before being released into the duodenum

Question 26

Small intestine:
duodenum

Answer 26

Food enters the small intestine from the stomach here
Enzymes complete chemical digestion here

Question 27

Small intestine: ileum

Answer 27

Food and water are absorbed into the blood via villi in the lining
of the ileum

Question 28

Large intestine: colon

Answer 28

Remaining water is absorbed from food into the blood, and the
solid waste left behind in the colon forms faeces

Question 29

Large intestine: anus

Answer 29

Faeces leave the body via the anus; this is egestion

Question 30

Large intestine: rectum

Answer 30

Faeces are stored here prior to egestion

Question 31

Carbohydrates

Answer 31

Source of energy

Question 32

Fats

Answer 32

Insulation and energy storage

Question 33

Proteins

Answer 33

Growth and Repair

Question 34

Vitamin C

Answer 34

Essential part of collagen protein which makes up skin, hair, gums and bones

Question 35

Calcium

Answer 35

Needed for strong teeth, bones and blood clotting

Question 36

Water

Answer 36

Needed for chemical reactions to take place in cells

Question 37

Vitamin D

Answer 37

Helps the body absorb calcium which is required for strong bones and teeth

Question 38

Iron

Answer 38

Needed to make Haemoglobin, the pigment in red blood cells that transport oxygen