B11 Flashcards
Inheritance
transmission of genetic information from generation to generation
chromosome
thread-like structure of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes
Gene
length of DNA that codes for a
protein
Haploid Nucleus
nucleus containing
a single set of unpaired chromosomes, e.g. in gametes
Allele
version of a gene
Diploid Nucleus
nucleus containing
two sets of chromosomes, e.g. in body cells
Mitosis
nuclear division giving rise to
genetically identical cells
Meiosis
as reduction division in which the
chromosome number is halved from diploid to
haploid resulting in genetically different cells
Genotype
genetic make-up of an organism in terms of the alleles present
Phenotype
observable features of an organism
Homozygous
as having two identical alleles of a particular gene
Heterozygous
having two different alleles of a particular gene
Dominant allele
the allele that is expressed if it is present
Recessive allele
the allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele of the gene present
Variation
differences between individuals of the same species
