B10

Question 1

Define Asexual reproduction

Answer 1

Process resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent.

Question 2

Define Sexual reproduction

Answer 2

Process involving the fusion of the nuclei of two gametes (sex cells) to form a zygote and the production of offspring that are genetically different from each other,

Question 3

Advantages of Asexual reproduction

Answer 3

No need to find a mate, faster, less energy required

Question 4

Advantages of Sexual reproduction

Answer 4

Provides genetic variation increasing chances of survival in changing environments

Question 5

Disadvantages of Sexual reproduction

Answer 5

A mete is required, and more energy is used up

Question 6

Disadvantages of Asexual reproduction

Answer 6

no genetic variation making organism vulnerable to environmental conditions and disease

Question 7

Define Pollination

Answer 7

Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma

Question 8

Plant fertilisation?

Answer 8

When a pollen nucleus fuses with a nucleus in an ovule

Question 9

Animal fertilisation?

Answer 9

Fusion of the nuclei from a male gamete (sperm) and a female
gamete (egg cell/ovum)

Question 10

Testes

Answer 10

Production of male gametes (sperm)

Question 11

Scrotum

Answer 11

Sac that holds the testes outside
the body

Question 12

Sperm Ducts

Answer 12

transfer sperm to the urethra

Question 13

Prostate gland

Answer 13

secrete fluids for sperm to
swim in forming semen

Question 14

Urethra

Answer 14

carries urine and semen out of the
body

Question 15

Penis

Answer 15

transfers semen to vagina during
sexual intercourse

Question 16

Ovaries

Answer 16

release of female gametes (eggs)

Question 17

Oviducts

Answer 17

transfers egg to uterus and the site
of fertilisation

Question 18

Uterus (female)

Answer 18

where the fetus develops

Question 19

Cervix

Answer 19

ring of muscle at the opening of the uterus

Question 20

Vagina

Answer 20

receives penis during sexual
intercourse

Question 21

Sepal

Answer 21

Protects unopened flower

Question 22

Petals

Answer 22

Brightly coloured in insect-pollinated flowers to attract insects

Question 23

Anther

Answer 23

Produce and releases the male sex cell(pollen grain)

Question 24

Stigma

Answer 24

Top of the female part of the flower which collects pollen grains

Question 25

Ovary

Answer 25

Produces the female sex cell (ovum)

Question 26

Ovule

Answer 26

Contains the female sex cell(inside the ovary)

Question 27

Umbilical cord

Answer 27

connects embryo/foetus to placenta

Question 28

Placenta

Answer 28

Carries mother’s blood, which contains oxygen and nutrients, to the baby, while also taking out waste such as CO2. Without allowing the blood to mix

Question 29

Amniotic sac

Answer 29

sac where foetus grows/develops

Question 30

Amniotic fluid

Answer 30

protects foetus from injury and temperature changes

Question 31

HIV transmission causes

Answer 31

-From infected mother to foetus across placenta
-Feeding a baby milk from an infected mother
-Unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person
-Transfusion with unscreened blood
-Use of unsterilized surgical instruments
-Sharing hypodermic needles when taking drugs

Question 32

Methods to prevent spread of STIs

Answer 32

-Use a condom every time you have sex.
-If you inject drugs, don’t share needles or syringes.
-Don’t share your razor, toothbrush, or other items that may have your
blood on them.
-If you are a mother infected with HIV, don’t breastfeed your baby.

Question 33

Menstrual Cycle

Answer 33

• Periodic Shedding of the Uterine line
  -Every month a woman’s body prepares for a potential pregnancy with an egg being release from the ovaries
  -If the egg isn’t fertilised, it arrives at the uterus, where it sheds the uterine lining