B5

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

Regulation of internal conditions to maintain optimum conditions

Question 2

What does homeostasis control?

Answer 2

Blood glucose levels, water levels and body temperature

Question 3

What do receptor cells do?

Answer 3

Detect changes in the environment (stimulus)

Question 4

What does the coordination centre do?

Answer 4

-process the information from the receptor cell
-Sends instructions to the effector

Question 5

What are effecters and what do they do?

Answer 5

Muscles/glands that carries out a response

Question 6

What do glands do?

Answer 6

Release hormones into the body

Question 7

What monitors blood glucose levels?

Answer 7

Pancreas

Question 8

What does insulin do?

Answer 8

Triggers body cells to take up glucose

Triggers liver and muscle cells to store excess glucose as Glycogen

Question 9

What is diabetes?

Answer 9

When Someone’s blood, glucose control doesn’t work effectively

Question 10

What happens in type one diabetes?

Answer 10

-Pancreas does not produce enough insulin
-Blood glucose is high

Question 11

What happens in type two diabetes?

Answer 11

Body cells don’t respond to insulin
Blood glucose is high

Question 12

How is type one diabetes treated?

Answer 12

-Monitoring of blood glucose levels
-Insulin shots

Question 13

How is type two diabetes treated

Answer 13

-Diet containing controlled levels of carbohydrates, Prevents blood glucose getting too high
-Exercise

Question 14

What is a risk factor of type two diabetes?

Answer 14

Obesity

Question 15

What does the pancreas release if blood glucose levels are too low?

Answer 15

Glucagon

Question 16

What does glucagon do?

Answer 16

-Triggers liver cells to convert glycogen stores back into glucose
-Returns blood glucose to normal

Question 17

When is insulin produced?

Answer 17

When the blood glucose level is too high

Question 18

What is the reflex arc?

Answer 18

Stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron (synapse), relay neuron (synapse),motor neuron,effector

Question 19

Reflexes are automatic and rapid how is this beneficial to us

Answer 19

Protect us from danger

Question 20

What is the CNS made from?

Answer 20

Brain, spinal cord

Question 21

What is the Endocrine system?

Answer 21

How the body is controlled by hormones

Question 22

What makes up the Endocrine system

Answer 22

A number of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream targeting specific target organs

Question 23

What are the difference between the nervous and endocrine system?

Answer 23

-Nervous system uses electrical impulses
-Endocrine system uses hormones
-Endocrine produces a much slower affect and long-lasting effect

Question 24

What are the key glands in the endocrine system?

Answer 24

Pancreas, ovaries, and testes, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary gland

Question 25

What are the hormones released in the ovaries and testes involved in?

Answer 25

Puberty and reproduction

Question 26

What are the hormones released in the thyroid gland involved in?

Answer 26

Growth, regulate

Question 27

What hormone does the adrenal gland produce?

Answer 27

Adrenaline

Question 28

What does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 28

Release a number of different hormones into the blood based on conditions -Acts on other glands

Question 29

What hormones does the ovaries produce?

Answer 29

Oestrogen

Question 30

What hormones do the testes produce?

Answer 30

Testosterone

Question 31

How does the uterus prepare for Ovulation?

Answer 31

Becomes thick and spongy

Question 32

How long is the menstrual cycle?

Answer 32

28 days

Question 33

What does the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do?

Answer 33

Causes an egg to mature in ovary

Question 34

What does the Luteinising hormone (LH) do?

Answer 34

Causes an egg to be released (ovulation)

Question 35

What does oestrogen and progesterone do?

Answer 35

Maintain uterus lining, Incase egg in fertalised and implants

Question 36

What does FSH trigger the ovaries to produce?

Answer 36

Oestrogen

Question 37

What does the release of oestrogen stop?

Answer 37

-The release of any more FSH -Instead, the pituitary gland releases LH

Question 38

What hormone is produced when the ovaries release its egg?

Answer 38

Progesterone

Question 39

What two hormones does progesterone stop the release of in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 39

LH and FSH

Question 40

What are the two types of fertility treatment?

Answer 40

Giving women the fertility drug (FSH,LH) In vitro fertilisation (IVF)

Question 41

What happens during IVF?

Answer 41

Mother is giving fertility drug Eggs are collected Sperm from father is used to fertilise egg Eggs develop into embryos Embryos are inserted into my with uterus

Question 42

What are the benefits of IVF?

Answer 42

Gives women a chance to have a baby of their own

Question 43

What are the problems of IVF?

Answer 43

Success rates are not very high Emotionally, stressful Physically demanding on the mother Can lead to multiple births Some embryos are destroyed, which could be seen as unethical Expensive

Question 44

Does the pill do as a method of contraception?

Answer 44

Stop the body from producing FSH

Question 45

What is an advantage and disadvantage of the pill

Answer 45

Highly successful (advantage) Has to be taken daily and side-effects (disadvantage)

Question 46

What contraception methods contain progesterone

Answer 46

Implant(lasts 3y) Skin patch(lasts 13w) Injection(lasts 1w)

Question 47

What are two barrier methods of contraception?

Answer 47

Condom,fenidom(diaphram)

Question 48

What advantages of barrier contraception?

Answer 48

Do not have side-effects and reduce risk of STI?

Question 49

What are disadvantages of condoms?

Answer 49

Break or slip off

Question 50

What do spermicides do?

Answer 50

Kill or disable sperm

Question 51

What does an IUD do?

Answer 51

Stops, embryo from implanting

Question 52

What are the benefits of IUD?

Answer 52

Highly effective,prevent pregnancy for 10y,very few side effects

Question 53

What does sterilisation do in Man and woman?

Answer 53

Men - stop sperm from leaving penis Woman - prevent sperm meeting egg

Question 54

what is the hormonal control between pancreas and blood glucose control

Answer 54

negative feedback loop

Question 55

how do FSH and LH help a women become pregnant

Answer 55

-FSH causes egg to mature in ovary# -Lh causes ovulation -more eggs are present,higher chance of pregnancy

Question 56

advantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 56

-off spring will be genetically identical -off spring will inherit desired traits -faster then sexual reproduction -produces more off spring at one time -uses less energy

Question 57

advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 57

-offspring are genetically different -undergo natural selection, more likely to adapt and survive

Question 58

what does bacteria do to organic matter

Answer 58

-bacteria break down organic matter through digestion

Question 59

bacteria are living organisms this means they

Answer 59

aerobically respire

Question 60

compare how information is transferred between a synapse and how its transferred in a neuron

Answer 60

-neuron, it is transferred as electrical impulses -synapse, it is transferred as diffusion

Question 61

How do hormones interact in the mebtrak cycle

Answer 61

-FSH from the pituitary gland and stimulates oestrogen from the ovary’s -oestrogen triggers the pituitary gland to stop releasing FSH and instead release LH -progesterone is then secreted from the ovaries -progesterone inhibits both FSH and LH -progesterone falls if pregnancy does not occur and the uterus lining breaks downs and is released as menstrual blood