B4.1 Adaptation to enviornment Flashcards
habitat
place in which a community, species, population or organism lives, can be in turn to its geographical or physical location within its ecosystem
adaptations of organisms…
adapt based on abiotic environment of their habitat, they adapt to their biotic and abiotic actors within envionrment
biotic factors
living factors which have impact on feeding, predator- prey symbiotic, mutualistic or other forms of interdependent relationships eg. fungi, bacteria, plants, animals
abiotic factors
non living physical factors, have influence on specific adaptations of organism to live in their respective habitat eg.air, light, temperature, mineral, PH, humidity
describe abiotic factors of high habitat
UV radiation, low temp, water scarcity, frozen soil (permafrost), makes rooting and absorption of nutrients and water difficult
describe abiotic factors of dry habitat
water conservation challenge, tolerance of high salt concentration hinders water uptake via osmosis, sand retains little water and contains little organic matter ( normally helps store water)
describe abiotic factors of waterlogged habitat
mangrove swamps develop in tropic and subtropics where they grow in sheltered conditions and where mud accumulates, soil is waterlogged, anaerobic and with high salt conc (due to evaporation of water)
adaptation= white reflective and wooly hair; purpose of structure
intercept and deenergise harmful UV radiation before reaches plant cell
limits water evaporation
trap heat, reduce transpiration, protect against wind
adaptation= small leaves, stunted growth to stay low on ground; purpose of structure
help conserve energy and withstand challenging conditions eg. strong winds, also minimise water loss via transpiration, also help plants access soil at slightly warmer temperatures
adaptation= thick fleshy leaves (just like succulents); purpose of structure
reduce water loss, protect against harmful UV, hold moisture
1.thick waxy covering on leaves (cuticle),
2.leaves that can roll up during droughts,
3.stomata (pores in leafs) in indentations, reason for structure, in plants growing in sand dunes
1- reduces water loss through transpiration
2- rolled up leaves create a humid hamper and reduce exposure to wind (reducing transpiration)
3- stomata in indentations keep humid air with no exposure to wind
underground stems, reason for structure, in plants growing in sand dunes
provide stability, extend deep into ground to obtain water
accumulation of carbs in roots and leaf cell reason for structure, in plants growing in sand dunes
storage of sugars increase osmotic potential + helps to absorb water
pneumaticophores nd cable roots, reason for structure, in plants growing in waterlogged soil
pneumatophers are vertical roots which grow in the air +absorb oxygen
cable roots provide stability and often grow close to the ground to absorb oxygen
stilt roots growing in a downward arch from the stem reason for structure, in plants growing in waterlogged soil
anchor the trees into the ground and increase stability
buyount seeds reason for structure, in plants growing in waterlogged soil
can be carried away by ocean currents and allow dispersal to fertile soil
salt glands in leaves reason for structure, in plants growing in waterlogged soil
excess salt removal due to increased salt water potential
distribution maps
reflect factors that affect species, especially abiotic factors by showing the distribution of a species in its natural habitat
what are animal distributions affected by
water aviliability, temp
what are plant distributions affected by
temp, water avilability, light intesnity, soil ph, soil salinity, availability of mineral nutrients
