B3.2.4 - Controlling Reproduction Flashcards
What is contraception?
Any technique used to prevent pregnancy
What are non-hormonal contraception methods?
Barrier methods that prevent a sperm cell contacting the egg, or physical devices that release chemical compounds to kill sperm cells or prevent the implantation of fertilised eggs
What are hormonal contraceptive methods?
Methods that use hormones to disrupt the normal female reproductive cycle
Describe the condom as a contraceptive method.
It is non-hormonal. You place it over the penis to prevent sperm from going into the vagina. It can also stop sexually transmitted infections
Describe the diaphragm or cervical cap as a contraceptive.
It is non-hormonal. It is inserted into the vagina to prevent sperm cells from entering. Removed 6 or more hours following sexual intercourse, but ineffective unless used in combination with a spermicide
Describe the intrauterine device as a contraceptive.
It is non-hormonal. It is inserted into the uterus and releases copper, which prevents sperm surviving in the uterus and Fallopian tubes. It is effective for more than 5 years, and can also prevent implantation of a fertilised ovum
Describe the combined pill as a contraceptive.
It is hormonal. It thickens mucus at the cervix, stopping sperm from reaching an ovum, and also prevents implantation of a fertilised egg. It must be taken daily for the 21 days of the menstrual cycle.
Describe the progesterone pill as a contraceptive.
It is hormonal. It thickens mucus from the cervix, which stops stern from reaching the ovum. It thins the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation and can prevent ovulation. It must be taken around the same time every day
Describe the intrauterine system as a contraceptive.
It is hormonal. It is inserted into the uterus and has the same effect on the body as the progesterone pill. It remains effective for 3-5 years.
How many forms of contraceptive are 100% effective?
None
How is the ability of contraceptive technique measured?
By percentage effectiveness (predicting the number of women who would be pregnant per 100 people)
What is the effectiveness of a male condom?
98%
What is the effective of a female condom?
95%
What is the effectiveness of the diaphragm and cap?
92 - 96%
What is the effectiveness of an intrauterine device?
Over 99%