B1.1.2 - Bacterial Cells

Question 1

What are the smallest living organisms?

Answer 1

Bacteria

Question 2

What are unicellular organisms?

Answer 2

They consist of just one cell

Question 3

What are the seven life processes?

Answer 3

Movement
Reproduction
Sensitivity
Nutrition
Excretion
Respiration
Growth

Question 4

How big are bacteria roughly in size?

Answer 4

1 micro meter

Question 5

Name a few examples of prokaryotic cells

Answer 5

Escherichia coli (food poisoning)
Streptococcus (sore throat)
Streptomyces (found in the soil and can create streptomycin)

Question 6

What prokaryotic cell does streptomycin come from?

Answer 6

Streptomyces

Question 7

What subcellular structures do prokaryotic cells contain?

Answer 7

Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Genetic Material

Question 8

What is the cell wall in prokaryotic cells made out of?

Answer 8

Peptidoglycan

Question 9

What is genetic material?

Answer 9

A long strand of DNA floating in the cytoplasm

Question 10

What is the bacterial chromosome?

Answer 10

A long strand of DNA floating in a cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell

Question 11

What extra sub cellular structures can some bacterial cells have?

Answer 11

Flagellum
Pili
Slime capsule
Plasmids

Question 12

What does the flagella do?

Answer 12

Helps bacterial cells move

Question 13

What is pili?

Answer 13

Tiny ‘hairlike’ structures that enable the cell to attach to structures.
They can also transfer genetic material between bacteria.

Question 14

What is the slime capsule?

Answer 14

A layer outside the cell that protects bacterium from drying out and from poisonous substances.
It also helps bacteria stick to smooth surfaces.

Question 15

What are plasmids?

Answer 15

A circular piece of DNA used to store extra genes

Question 16

Where are antibiotic resistant genes in a bacterial cell found?

Answer 16

Plasmids