B1.2.4 - Enzyme Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the conditions in which enzymes work the best?

A

Optimum conditions

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2
Q

What are the factors that affect the efficiency of enzyme-catalysed reactions?

A

Temperature
pH
The concentrations of the enzyme and the substrate

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3
Q

What happens to enzymes at higher temperatures?

A

The enzyme and substrate molecules move faster and collide more often

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4
Q

What happens to the enzyme-catalysed reaction when the temperature is higher?

A

Generally, it speeds up

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5
Q

What happens if the temperature during enzyme-catalysed reactions becomes too high?

A

The amino acid chains in the protein begin to unravel, changing the shape of the active site.

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6
Q

How does an enzyme become denatured?

A

When the shape of the active site begins to change because of the unravelling of amino acid chains

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7
Q

What happens when the enzyme is denatured?

A

The substrate can no longer bind and so the overall rate of reaction decreases

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8
Q

What happens if all the enzyme molecules become denatured?

A

The reactions stops

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9
Q

Can denatured enzymes become regular enzymes again?

A

No, the change is irreversible

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10
Q

What is the optimum pH for enzymes?

A

Every enzyme has a different optimum pH

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11
Q

How does a change in pH affect an enzyme molecule?

A

It may make the enzyme unfold, changing the shape of the active site and making the enzyme denatured.

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12
Q

What happens to an enzyme reaction if the substrate concentration is high?

A

Generally, the reaction is faster

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13
Q

What happens if the substrate concentration becomes too high?

A

It reaches its maximum reaction rate and cannot increase in speed any further

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14
Q

What happens to an enzyme reaction if the enzyme concentration is high?

A

Generally, it is faster

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15
Q

What happens at a certain enzyme concentration?

A

All of the enzyme molecules are bound to the substrate molecules so rate or reaction cannot increase

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16
Q

What happens if no new substrate molecules are added to the enzyme reaction?

A

It will stop