B3.2.1 - Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What are hormones?

A

Chemical messengers

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2
Q

Where are hormones made?

A

Endocrine glands

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3
Q

Where are hormones secreted into?

A

The blood

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4
Q

How are hormones transported around the body?

A

They are carried around by the blood

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5
Q

What do hormones do?

A

Cause a response in specific cells that are found in target organs.
Regulate the functions of many cells and organs.
Control body processes that need constant adjustment

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6
Q

How quick are hormones?

A

Fairly slow and long lasting

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7
Q

Give an example of an effect of long lasting hormones

A

Puberty

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8
Q

What hormones are involved in puberty?

A

Testosterone and oestrogen

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9
Q

Give an example of a quick hormonal response.

A

Adrenaline

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10
Q

Name a body process that needs constant adjustment.

A

Body temperature

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11
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Keeping the conditions in your body constant

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12
Q

What responds to hormones?

A

Target organs

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13
Q

Describe the interaction between hormones and target cells.

A

Hormones diffuse out of the bloodstream and bind to specific receptors for that hormones, found on the membranes and cytoplasms of target cells

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14
Q

Where are target cells located?

A

In target organs

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15
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

The endocrine glands and all their produced hormones

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16
Q

What other system does the endocrine system control the body with?

A

The nervous system

17
Q

Compare the nervous system and the endocrine system.

A

Both send messages around the body about changes in the external and internal environment and the body’s response

Nerves - Faster, Precise, Short duration of acting

Hormones - Slower, Larger area, Longer acting

18
Q

What does the thyroid gland produce?

A

Thyroxine

19
Q

What do the adrenal glands produce?

A

Adrenaline

20
Q

What does the pancreas produce?

A

Insulin

21
Q

What does the testes produce?

A

Testosterone

22
Q

What do the ovaries produce?

A

Oestrogen and Progesterone

23
Q

What do the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus produce?

A

Hormones that regulate the production of other hormones.