B3 respiratory system Flashcards
O2 lungs, alveoli, blood
CO2 blood, alveoli, lungs
Pass through capillaries and alveoli – 1 cell thick and
semi permeable
describe the lungs
pink, smooth and spongy
what is the alveoil
moist, moist and simple epithelial tissue
found at the end of the bronchioles
what is the diaphragm
Dome shaped sheet of muscle that sits under the lungs and has fibres that attach to
the ribs. Moved up and down to support breathing mechanism
what is inspiration
Diaphragm contracts and pulls down
Intercostal muscles move up wards and
outwards (ribs)
More room in lungs
Air rushes in
what is the intercostal muscle
2 sets of intercostal muscles that are attached to the ribs
help to pull the rib cage up, down, in and out to support breathing.
what is expiration
Diaphragm relaxes and pushes back up
Intercostal muscles move downwards and
in (ribs)
Less room in lungs
Air forced out
disorder
ashtma
pneumonia
chronic obstructive pulmorty disorder
asthma
common lung condition
difficulties breathing
caused by swelling of the breathing tubes that carry air in and out of the lung
makes them highly sensitive so they narrow temporarily
triggered by allergies, infections like cold/flu exercise
pneumonia
swelling of the tissue in the lungs
caused by bacterial infection
tiny air sacs become inflamed and filled with fluid
Pneumonia is usually the result
ofapneumococcal infection, caused by
bacteria calledStreptococcus pneumoniae.
COPD
lung conditions that cause breathing difficulties
emphysema – damage to the air sacs in the lungs
chronic bronchitis – long-term inflammation of theairways
mainly affects middle-aged or older adults
who smoke
many people do not realise they have it
breathing problems tend to get gradually worse over time and can limit your normal activities t
treatment can help keepthe conditionunder control
