A5 Human genetics

Question 1

define homozygous

Answer 1

having two dominant or recessive alleles

Question 2

define heterozygous

Answer 2

having one dominant and recessive allele

Question 3

Huntington’s disease

Answer 3

dominant genetic condition which damages nerves in the brain

Question 4

PKU

Answer 4

recessive genetic condition that is present at birth

Question 5

sickle cell

Answer 5

recessive inherited blood disorder caused by genetic mutation

Question 6

cystic fibrosis

Answer 6

recessive genetic condition

Question 7

define gene

Answer 7

the unit of hereditary on a pair of chromosomes.

Question 8

define allele

Answer 8

Half a gene, or the location of a characteristic on one chromosome.

Question 9

define genotype

Answer 9

An individual’s genes, which are not outwardly observable
or the identification of alleles that an individual inherits

Question 10

define phenotype

Answer 10

The outward display of characteristics that is observable

Question 11

define genetics

Answer 11

The biological study of hereditary