B2 cardio-vascular system Flashcards
what is the role of the cardiovascular system
transport material around the body
what does the pulmonary do
moves blood between heart and lungs
what does the systematic do
moves blood between heart and the rest of the body
what is blood pressure
Force blood moves on walls of vessel as it passes through.
what is stroke volume
The amount of blood pumped out by the heart (left ventricle) in a single beat
what is cardiac output
the amount of blood pumped out in 1 minute
what is the cardiac cycle
Deoxygenated blood return to heart via vena cava in to the right atrium
Blood moves through tricuspid valve into right ventricle
Blood passes through pulmonary artery and carries blood to the lungs
O2 blood from lungs to heart via pulmonary vein and enter left atrium
Blood passed through bicuspid valve to left ventricle.
Blood is then force through aortic valve and out of aorta and to the rest of the body
explain regulation of the heart
The heart is controlled by the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
sympathetic increases heart rate
nerve impulse are triggered when CO2 levels increase and blood pressure decreases
parasympathetic decreases heart rate.
arteries
Larger in size
Thick walls
Ability to contract
Elastic
Expand under high
pressure
Largest = Aorta
Branch off into
arterioles (smaller than
arteries)
Carry blood away from
heart
Carry O2 blood
veins
Smaller in size (artery)
Thinner walls
Contain valve to stop
backflow of blood
Divide into small
branches called venules
Veins carry blood to
heart
Carry deoxygenated blood
capiliaries
Smallest blood vessels
Single layer of cells
Allow O2, CO2, vitamins,
minerals and H2O to pass
through to surrounding
tissues
CO2 and H2O can then
be excreted (removed)
Largest network = all
around body
Supply metabolic activity
disorders of this body system
anaemia
stroke
hypertension
coronary heart disease
anaemia
iron deficiency cause by lack of iron
caused by blood loss or pregnancy
can be treated by iron tablets
body need iron to make the oxygen carrying protein haemoglobin
stroke
lack of oxygen to the brain causing brain cells to die can lead to brain injury disability or death
can cause blood clots and haemorrhage
hypertension
if blood pressure is to high it can put a strain on blood vessels, heart, and other organs
if untreated can lead to a heart attack, stroke
if blood pressure is always high it can cause serious life threatening health conditions
