B3 Organisation and the Digestion System

Question 1

What is a tissue

Answer 1

A tissue is a group of cells with Similar structure and function working together

Question 2

What is an organ

Answer 2

Organs are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions.

Question 3

What is an organism

Answer 3

Organs are organised into organ systems, which work together to form organisms.

Question 4

Organs used in the digestive system

Answer 4

Salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, gall bladder, liver, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, rectum, anus

Question 5

What is a catalyst

Answer 5

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of reaction without being used up.

Question 6

What are enzymes

Answer 6

Enzymes are biological catalysts that use the lock and key theory to catalyse

Question 7

Describe the lock and key theory

Answer 7

Substrate fits into the enzymes active site with the right ph and temperature. The reaction is catalysed by the enzyme and the substrate is broken down into smaller moleculea

Question 8

What is metabolism

Answer 8

The sum of all the reactions in your body

Question 9

How are proteins broken down

Answer 9

Protease turn proteins into amino acids and these are made in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine

Question 10

How is starch and carbohydrates broken down

Answer 10

Carbohydrases converts carbohydrates into simple sugars. Amylase breaks down starch. This is in the pancreas and small intestine

Question 11

How are lipids broken down

Answer 11

Lipase converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids. In the small intestine and pancreas.

Question 12

Salivary glands

Answer 12

Produce amylase enzyme in saliva

Question 13

Gullet or oesophagus

Answer 13

Carries food to stomach by peristalsis (muscle contractions)

Question 14

Gall bladder

Answer 14

Where bile is stored

Question 15

What is bile

Answer 15

This neutralises stomach acids and emulsifies fats

Question 16

Liver

Answer 16

Where bile is produced

Question 17

Stomach

Answer 17

Digest food by producing protease, muscular walls pummel food, alter ph, produces HCL to kill bacteria

Question 18

Pancreas

Answer 18

Produces protease, lipase and amylase and releases them into the small intestine

Question 19

Large intestine

Answer 19

Where excess water is absorbed from the food

Question 20

Rectum

Answer 20

Where the faeces are stored before they go to your rectum

Question 21

Small intestine

Answer 21

The digested food is absorbed into the blood. Breaks down larger insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules

Question 22

How to test for sugar

Answer 22

Benedict’s test. Change from blue to green, yellow or brick red

Question 23

Test for starch

Answer 23

Iodine solution. Browny orange to black or blue-black

Question 24

Test for proteins

Answer 24

Biuret test. Change from blue go purple

Question 25

Test for lipids

Answer 25

Sudan 3 test. Will separate into two layers and the top layer will be bright red

Question 26

Muscle tissue

Answer 26

Contracts to miz food and churn up the food and digestive enzymes

Question 27

Glandular tissue

Answer 27

Makes and secretes chemicals like enzymes and hormones. Makes digestive juices to digest food

Question 28

Epithelial tissue

Answer 28

Covers some parts of the body like inside the gut and inside and outside the stomach

Question 29

Simple sugar.

Answer 29

Carbohydrates that only contain one or two sugar units

Question 30

Complex carbohydrate

Answer 30

Contain long chains of simple sugar units bonded together