B2.1 Cells and Cell Transport

Question 1

How do dissolved substances pass in and out of cells?

Answer 1

Diffusion

Question 2

What features are common in both plant and animal cells?

Answer 2

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosomes

Question 3

What are features of plant cells that are not in animal cells?

Answer 3

Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Vacuole

Question 4

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 4

• Contains genetic material

- Controls activities of cell

Question 5

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 5

• Place of chemical processes and reactions

- Enzymes

Question 6

Which part of the cell (in plants and animals) controls movement in and out?

Answer 6

The cell membrane

Question 7

Which part of the cell (in plants and animals) is the site of respiration?

Answer 7

The mitochondria

Question 8

Where does protein synthesis happen in the cell?

Answer 8

With the ribosomes

Question 9

What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

Answer 9

To strengthen and structure the cell

Question 10

What is the function of chloroplasts in a plant cell?

Answer 10

• Contains chlorophyll

- Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Question 11

What is the purpose of the vacuole?

Answer 11

• It fills with cell sap to keep the cell TURGID

Question 12

What key feature is missing in a bacteria cell?

Answer 12

A nucleus

Question 13

What type of organisms are bacteria and yeast?

Answer 13

SINGLE - CELLED organisms

Question 14

How are bacteria and yeast cells different?

Answer 14

Yeast cells have a nucleus, bacteria cells do not

Question 15

What features do bacteria, yeast, animal, and plant cells all share?

Answer 15

Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
(not animals) Cell wall

Question 16

How is a leaf cell specialised for its function to absorb light energy for photosynthesis?

Answer 16

• Packed with chloroplasts
• Regular shape
• Closely packed cells form continuous layer to efficiently absorb sunlight
• Stomata for gas exchange

Question 17

How are root hair cell specialised to absorb minerals and ions from the soil?

Answer 17

• Long finger like shape to maximise surface area and absorb the most minerals and ions

Question 18

How is a sperm cell specialised to be able to fertilise an egg cell?

Answer 18

• Head containing genetic information
• Tip containing enzyme to help penetrate egg membrane
• Body packed with mitochondria for energy
• Tail moves the sperm towards the egg

Question 19

How are red blood cells specialised to maximise the amount of oxygen it can carry to cells?

Answer 19

• Thin outer membrane for a short diffusion pathway for oxygen
• Biconcave disk to maximise surface area and oxygen absorbtion
• No nucleus to allow whole cell to be filled with haemoglobin

Question 20

What is diffusion?

Answer 20

Diffusion is when particles spread from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 21

Which substance diffuses out of respiring cells?

Answer 21

Carbon Dioxide

Question 22

What is a factor that would NOT speed up diffusion?

Answer 22

Making the cell rounder

Question 23

What factor would speed up diffusion?

Answer 23

Making the cell membrane thinner

Moving the blood supply closer

Question 24

Which substance diffuses INTO respiring cells?

Answer 24

Oxygen