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Biology > B2- Organisation > Flashcards

B2- Organisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an organ system?

A

A group of organs that work together to perform a certain function

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2
Q

What happens to enzymes at low temperatures?

A

They will stop working and will denature

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3
Q

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures ?

A

They will denature as the active site will change shape, and the substrate will no longer fit into the active site

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4
Q

What is the lock and key mechanism?

A

When a specific substrate fits into an enzyme

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5
Q

Where is amylase produced?

A

In the salivary glands

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6
Q

What does amylase do?

A

Converts starch into sugars

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7
Q

Where is lipase produced?

A

In the pancreas and small intestine

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8
Q

What does lipase do?

A

They convert lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

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9
Q

Where is protease produced?

A

In the stomach, small intestine and pancreas

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10
Q

What does protease do?

A

They convert proteins into amino acids

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11
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

Produced in the liver and is stored in the gall bladder

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12
Q

What does bile do?

A

Neutralises the hydrochloric acid in the stomach and breaks down fats

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13
Q

Describe the respiratory system. Name which parts the air goes through

A

Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchioles
Alveoli

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14
Q

What does the heart do?

A

Pumps blood around the body

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15
Q

What does the lungs do?

A

It’s where gas exchange takes place

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16
Q

What does the aorta do?

A

Pumps blood around the body

17
Q

What does the vena cava do?

A

How blood from the body gets into the heart

18
Q

What does the pulmonary artery do?

A

Takes deoxygenated blood from the heart to lungs

19
Q

What does the pulmonary vein do?

A

Takes oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

20
Q

What is the natural resting heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm. This is taken when you’re sitting down after no exercise and when calm

21
Q

Why might you need an artificial pacemaker?

A

You have an irregular heartbeat or you have heart problems

22
Q

What do red blood cells do?

A

They carry oxygen around the body

23
Q

What do white blood cells do?

A

They are part of the immune system and fight against disease or infection

24
Q

What do platelets do ?

A

They clot blood to prevent bacteria getting into the wound

25
Q

What does plasma do?

A

It is a straw coloured fluid that cells are carried in

26
Q

What is cardiovascular disease?

A

Affects the heart and/or blood vessels. Build up of fatty deposits in the blood vessels limiting the amount of blood that can flow through the heart

27
Q

What lifestyle factors can affect health?

A

Smoking, diet, exercise

28
Q

What is cancer?

A

Uncontrollable cell divisions and growths

29
Q

What is a benign tumour?

A

A lump of cells that don’t move and can be removed in one piece. They aren’t dangerous

30
Q

What is a malignant tumour?

A

The tumour can move through the bloodstream. Parts of a tumour break off the primary tumour and form secondary tumours in different places of the body

31
Q

What is epidermal tissue?

A

It covers a plant

32
Q

What is palisade mesophyll?

A

Long tall cells that capture sunlight and where photosynthesis takes place

33
Q

What is spongy mesophyll?

A

Carries out photosynthesis

34
Q

What is the xylem?

A

It carries water throughout the plant. It is made of dead cells and is shaped as a hollow tube

35
Q

What is the phloem?

A

This transports nutrients around the plant

36
Q

What is transpiration?

A

Loss of water from a plant

37
Q

How can we measure transpiration?

A

Measuring the weight of a plant

Biology (10 decks)

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