B1.6 Nervous System and Hormones - The eye

Question 1

Eye

Answer 1

A sense organ that detects light and is responsible for vision

Question 2

Sclera

Answer 2

The white outer part of the eye that provides protection

Question 3

Conjunctiva

Answer 3

Mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball, prevents infection by microorganisms

Question 4

Cornea

Answer 4

The transparent tissue that covers the front of the eye, it controls and focuses the entry of light into the eye

Question 5

Iris

Answer 5

The coloured part of the eye behind the cornea that regulates the size of the pupil

Question 6

Pupil

Answer 6

The dark opening in the centre of the pupil, it varies in size to regulate the amount of light that reaches the retina

Question 7

Lens

Answer 7

A transparent structure located behind the iris that focuses light on the retina at the back of the eye

Question 8

Ciliary muscles

Answer 8

Muscles which work with the suspensory ligaments to adjust the shape of the lens in order to focus on near or far objects

Question 9

Suspensory ligaments

Answer 9

Ligaments which work with ciliary muscles to adjust the shape of the lens in order to focus on near or far objects

Question 10

Aqueous humour

Answer 10

A watery fluid which helps to maintain the shape of the eyeball and lens and provides nutrients and oxygen to the eye, as well as carrying away waste products

Question 11

Retina

Answer 11

The light-sensitive surface at the back of the eye containing light and colour receptor cells

Question 12

Optic nerve

Answer 12

The nerve that carries neural impulses from the receptor cells of the eye to the brain

Question 13

Light receptor cells

Answer 13

Also called rod cells, these are highly light sensitive and are responsible for vision in dimly-lit conditions

Question 14

Colour receptor cells

Answer 14

Also called cone cells, these can detect a wide spectrum of light and are responsible for the perception of colour