B1.2 Photosynthesis and Plants

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

A process where plants and algae synthesise glucose from carbon dioxide and water, using light energy from the sun

Question 2

Photosynthesis word equation

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide + water (+light energy) -> glucose + oxygen

Question 3

Balanced equation for photosynthesis

Answer 3

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 4

Glucose (C6H12O6)

Answer 4

The main chemical product of photosynthesis that has many different uses in a plant, including respiration

Question 5

Oxygen (O2)

Answer 5

A waste product of photosynthesis that leaves the plant through the stomata of the leaves or can be used for respiration

Question 6

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer 6

A reactant needed for photosynthesis to synthesise glucose, this gas enters the plant via gas exchange through the stomata of the leaves

Question 7

Water (H2O)

Answer 7

A reactant needed for photosynthesis to take place, water is absorbed by the roots and is transported by the xylem to reach the leaves where photosynthesis occurs

Question 8

Endothermic reaction

Answer 8

A chemical reaction where energy is taken in from the surrounding environment

Question 9

Chloroplast

Answer 9

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

Question 10

Chlorophyll

Answer 10

A green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

Question 11

Temperature effect

Answer 11

Photosynthesis rate increases to an optimum and then decreases due to denaturing enzymes

Question 12

Light intensity effect

Answer 12

Photosynthesis rate increases as more energy is available, up to a certain point

Question 13

Carbon dioxide concentration effect

Answer 13

Photosynthesis rate increases as more carbon is available to synthesise glucose, up to a certain point

Question 14

Photosynthetic rate

Answer 14

The rate at which plants take in carbon dioxide, water and the energy from sunlight to produce glucose

Question 15

Insoluble starch

Answer 15

A complex carbohydrate made from the products of photosynthesis and used for storage, stored in the leaves if photosynthesis can produce sufficient quantities of glucose

Question 16

Testing leaves for starch

Answer 16

Plant leaves can be tested for the presence of starch using iodine solution, after the leaf has been intensely heated and submerged in ethanol

Question 17

Enzymes

Answer 17

Photosynthesis is controlled by the action of enzymes, which should be maintained in optimal conditions for efficient rates of photosynthesis

Question 18

Amino acids

Answer 18

Building blocks of protein which along with nitrates can be made from the products of photosynthesis

Question 19

Cellulose

Answer 19

Carbohydrate component of plant cell walls which can be made from the products of photosynthesis

Question 20

Fats and oil

Answer 20

Lipids which can be made from the products of photosynthesis for storage