B15 - Genetics and evolution

Question 1

Alfred Russel Wallace

Answer 1

British naturalist who, along with Darwin, discovered the theory of
evolution by natural selection.

Question 2

Binomial system

Answer 2

The system of naming organisms by giving them two Latinised names

Question 3

Carl Linnaeus

Answer 3

Swedish botanist who devised the binomial system.

Question 4

Charles Darwin

Answer 4

The Victorian scientist who developed the theory of evolution by a
process of natural selection.

Question 5

Classification

Answer 5

The way in which living organisms are divided into groups. This is
generally based on their anatomy, behaviour and biochemistry.

Question 6

Evolution

Answer 6

The process of slow change in living organisms over long periods of time as
those best adapted to survive breed successfully.

Question 7

Evolutionary trees

Answer 7

Model of the evolutionary relationship between different organisms
based on their appearance, ad increasingly, on DNA evidence.

Question 8

Extinction

Answer 8

The permanent loss of all members of a species.

Question 9

Fossils

Answer 9

The remains or trace of an organisms that lived in the past. Generally, the
hard parts of the organism.

Question 10

Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck

Answer 10

French natural historian who came up with a theory of evolution.

Question 11

Mutation

Answer 11

A sudden random change in the genetic material of a cell that may cause it
and all cells derived from it to differ in appearance or behaviour from the
normal type.

Question 12

Speciation

Answer 12

The development of one or more species from an existing species.