B11 Flashcards
What are hormones?
Hormones are chemical messengers which travel in the blood to its target organ, where it binds to receptors on the cell membranes to trigger an effect.
What is the endocrine system made up of?
The endocrine system is made up of glands which secrete hormones.
What does the adrenal gland do?
Prepares the body for stressful situations- ‘Fight or Flight response’.
What does the ovaries do?
Controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual system.
What does the testes do?
Controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the making if sperm.
What does the pancreas do?
Controls the levels of glucose in the blood.
What does the thyroid gland do?
Controls the metabolic rate of the body.
What is type 1 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is a disease due to the pancreas not functioning properly.
What is type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is a disease due to your body’s cells’ incapability to respond properly to the insulin you make.
What is type 1 diabetes caused by?
Caused by a lack of insulin produced by the pancreas.
What is type 2 diabetes caused by?
Caused by body cells stopping responding to the insulin you make.
How is type 1 diabetes treated?
It is treated by injecting insulin into your blood.
How is type 2 diabetes treated?
Many people can treat type 2 diabetes by exercising regularly, losing weight and eating a balanced diet. This restores their normal blood glucose.
If that doesn’t work, there are drugs that can be taken to treat it.
What is the role of FSH?
- To mature eggs.
- To stimulate oestrogen.
What is the role of Oestrogen?
- To stimulate LH.
- To inhibit FSH.
What is the role of LH?
-To stimulate ovulation (the release of an egg).
What is the role of progesterone?
- To maintain the lining of the uterus.
- To inhibit the release of both LH and FSH.
What is the process of an egg being released called?
Ovulation
What is the name of the organ where the egg matures?
Womb.
What effects do oestrogen and progesterone have on the wall of the uterus?
Oestrogen stimulates the build-up of the uterus lining. Progesterone maintains the uterus lining.
Which organ secretes FSH?
Pituitary gland.
Which organ secretes LH?
Pituitary gland
Which organ secretes oestrogen?
Ovaries.
