B11

Question 1

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 1

Made up of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Question 2

2 hormones that give a rapid response

Answer 2

Insulin

Adrenaline

Question 3

2 hormones that give a slow response

Answer 3

Growth hormones

Sex hormones

Question 4

What are hormones?

Answer 4

Chemical messengers that are carried by the blood and cause a response in a target organ

Question 5

What are hormones made of?

Answer 5

Proteins

Question 6

Role of insulin

Answer 6

Controls blood sugar level

Question 7

Role of adrenaline

Answer 7

Prepares body for fight flight freeze

Question 8

Role of growth hormones

Answer 8

Stimulates growth

Question 9

Role of ADH

Answer 9

Affects amount of urine produced by the kidney

Question 10

Role of FSH

Answer 10

Stimulates ovaries to release oestrogen

Question 11

Role of TSH

Answer 11

Stimulates thyroid to release thyroxine

Question 12

Name 6 endocrine glands

Answer 12

Pituitary 
Thyroid 
Pancreas 
Adrenal
Ovaries 
Testes

Question 13

Explain role of insulin (5marks)

Answer 13

1) after eating a meal bgc increases above optimum
2) increase detected by pancreas
3) pancreas releases insulin
4) insulin causes body cells to take up glucose to use for respiration.
5) insulin causes liver and muscle cells to convert glucose to glycogen(storage)
6) excess glucose converted to lipids and stored

Question 14

Explain role of glucagon

Answer 14

1) drop in bgc detected by pancreas
2) pancreas releases glucagon
3) glucagon causes liver cells to convert glycogen back to glucose and release glucose back into the blood

Question 15

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 15

When pancreas does not make any insulin and you can’t control blood glucose levels

Question 16

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 16

When you are making insulin just not enough

Question 17

Symptoms of diabetes

Answer 17

Glucose in urine
Constantly thirsty
Tiredness due to less respiration

Question 18

How to treat type 1 diabetes?

Answer 18

Inject yourself with insulin before meals
Eat regularly
Regular exercise

Question 19

Why can insulin not be ingested?

Answer 19

It is a protein so it will be digested in the stomach

Question 20

How to cure type 1 diabetes?

Answer 20

1) pancreas transplant
2) transplanting insulin producing pancreatic cells
3) stem cell technology
4) gene therapy

Question 21

How to treat type 2 diabetes?

Answer 21

Balanced diet
Lose weight
regular exercise

Question 22

What to do if t2 diabetes treatments don’t work?

Answer 22

Take drugs that help insulin work better on body cells and help pancreas to produce more insulin

Question 23

What is a tropism?

Answer 23

Growth responses plants make to stimuli

Question 24

What is gravitropism?

Answer 24

The growth response of a plant to gravity

Question 25

What is positive gravitropism?

Answer 25

When roots grow down in the direction of gravity

Question 26

What is negative gravitropism?

Answer 26

When shoots grow against gravity

Question 27

What is phototropism?

Answer 27

Growth response of a plant to light

Question 28

What is positive phototropism?

Answer 28

When shoots grow towards the light

Question 29

What is negative phototropism?

Answer 29

When roots grow away from the light

Question 30

What are auxins?

Answer 30

Hormones released by plants

Question 31

What do auxins do in shoots?

Answer 31

Stimulate the growth of cells

Question 32

What do auxins do in roots?

Answer 32

Slow down the growth of cells