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Boards > B vitamins > Flashcards

B vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What is the other name for B1?

A

Thiamine

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2
Q

What kind of enzymes use thiamine?

A

Dehydrogenase enzymes (B3 is more often seen with these enzymes)

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3
Q

What is seen with thiamine deficiency?

A 
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (confusion + ophthalmoplegia + ataxia)
Dry beriberi (polyneuritis + symmetrical muscle wasting)
Wet beriberi (high-output cardiac failure + edema)
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4
Q

What is the concern of giving glucose to thiamine deficient patients?

A

Can damage mammillary bodies…GIVE THIAMINE FIRST

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5
Q

What is the other name for B2? What kind of reactions use B2?

A

Riboflavin (FMN/FAD)

Carboxylation/Decarboxylation

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6
Q

What is seen with riboflavin deficiency?

A

Cheilosis

Corneal vascularization

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7
Q

What is the other name for B3?

A

Niacin (NAD/NADP)

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8
Q

What is seen with niacin deficiency?

A

Diarrhea
Dementia
Dermatitis

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9
Q

What is the other name for B5?

A

Pantothenate (CoA)

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10
Q

What is seen with pantothenate deficiency?

A

Dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency

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11
Q

What is another name for B6?

A

Pyridoxine

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12
Q

What enzymes use pyridoxine?

A

Transamination enzymes

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13
Q

What is seen with pyridoxine deficiency?

A

Convulsions, hyperirritability, peripheral neuropathy, sideroblastic anemias

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14
Q

What is another name for B7?

A

Biotin

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15
Q

What enzymes use biotin?

A

Carboxylation enzymes

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16
Q

What weird dietary substance can cause biotin deficiency?

A

Raw egg whites…avidin in egg whites binds biotin

17
Q

What is another name for B9?

A

Folic Acid

18
Q

You better not screw up on a folic acid question…

A

Or a B12 question for that matter

19
Q

What is the other name for B12?

A

Cobalamin

20
Q

Patient comes in and after labs it is determined that she has megaloblastic anemia. So she is given folic acid and B12. She comes in a week later and still has megaloblastic anemia. What is likely elevated in her serum?

A

Orotic aciduria (d/t defect in UMP synthase) presents with megaloblastic anemia and elevated orotic acid

21
Q

Besides orotic aciduria, what else can present with elevated orotic acid? How can these two diseases be distinguished from each other?

A

Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency (part of urea cycle) presents with hyperammonemia, but NOT megaloblastic anemia

(this makes sense knowing that orotic aciduria is a deficiency in a pyrimidine synthesis and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is urea cycle)

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