B P1 - Bioenergetics Flashcards
What are the four factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis?
The four factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis include temperature, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration levels and the amount of chlorophyll
What happens if the temperature is too high for plants?
When the temperature becomes too high, the enzymes become denatured and the rate of reaction will decrease and stop
What is the reaction to photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water > glucose + oxygen
How can you control the conditions in greenhouses to reduce limiting factors?
You can control the conditions in greenhouses to reduce limiting factors through heating, artificial lighting and extra carbon dioxide
What do plants use energy from respiration for?
Plants use energy from respiration for movement as it enables their muscles to contract /// to keep warm /// for chemical reactions to build larger molecules from smaller ones
How does the body respond to increased demand for energy during exercise?
The body responds to the increased demand for energy during exercise by increasing the heart rate to pump oxygenated blood faster to the muscle tissues and cells, as well as increasing the breathing rate so more oxygen enters the bloodstream
What is metabolism?
Metabolism is all the chemical reactions involved in the body
What is oxygen debt?
An oxygen debt is when there are extra amounts of oxygen required to remove the lactic acid from cells
How does the body respond to an increase of lactic acid?
When there is an increase of lactic acid built up in the muscles during exercise, blood will flow through the muscle cells and will transport the lactic acid to the liver where it is oxidised and converted back to glucose
What is the formula for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?
Glucose > ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration = glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
Does anaerobic or aerobic respiration release more energy?
Aerobic releases more energy than anaerobic
What happens to the body during intense exercise?
During intense exercise, the muscle cells are respiring so fast that blood cannot transport enough oxygen to meet their needs. This means that glucose is partially oxidised to produce lactic acid which builds up in muscle tissue causing them to become painful and fatigued. This happens during anaerobic respiration.
What happens during aerobic respiration?
During aerobic respiration, glucose is oxidised by oxygen to transfer the energy the organism needs to perform its functions
