B: Cells and Systems, section 2: microscopes and cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the eyepiece of a microscope do?

A

Contains the lens that magnifies.

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2
Q

What does the coarse adjustment knob do?

A

Moves the stage up or down to focus the object to produce a flat sharp image.

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3
Q

What does the fine adjustment knob do?

A

Brings the object into sharper focus

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4
Q

What does the revolving nosepiece do?

A

Holds the three objective lenses

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5
Q

What do the objective lenses do?

A

Provides different strength of magnification

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6
Q

What does the stage do?

A

Supports the slide that holds the object you want to view.

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7
Q

What do the stage clips do?

A

Hold the slide firmly on the stage

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8
Q

What does the diaphragm do?

A

Has different sizes holes that let different amounts of light pass through the object

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9
Q

What does the lamp do?

A

Supplies the light that passes through the object you’re viewing

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10
Q

What does the arm do?

A

Allows you to carry the microscope securely

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11
Q

What does the base do?

A

Serves as a foundation for the rest of the microscope

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12
Q

What factors affect your ability to see the internal parts of cells?

A

The type of microscope
The power of the lenses
The quality of the prepared slides

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13
Q

What are organelles?

A

Specialized structures that carry out specific functions

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14
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

A command center that directs all the organelles

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15
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Converts nutrients into energy

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16
Q

What is the function of the cells membrane?

A

Let’s materials in and waste out

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17
Q

What are the functions of the vacuoles?

A

Store nutrients and water

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18
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

A

Contains nutrients required to carry out life proses

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19
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

It provides strength and support to plants

20
Q

What are the functions of the chloroplasts?

A

Convert the Suns energy into food

21
Q

What are the functions of the ribosomes?

A

Make proteins

22
Q

What is the function of the lysosomes?

A

Destroy waste

23
Q

What does multicellular mean?

A

They are made up of two or more cells

24
Q

What does unicellular mean?

A

They are made up of only a single cell

25
Q

Do you think that multicellular organisms are more advanced than unicellular organisms?

A

No, because unicellular can do everything a multicellular organism can do. Multicellular organisms depend on specialized cells to function.

26
Q

What cell uses pseudopods?

A

Amoeba

27
Q

How does amoeba capture food?

A

They use their pseudopods to surround it

28
Q

How do paramecium move?

A

They use hair like structures as oars

29
Q

How does paramecium eat?

A

It uses its cilia to sweep food into its oral groove

30
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

31
Q

How is a cell membrane selectively permeable?

A

It has small holes to let certain things in but small enough to keep the organelles and cytoplasm from coming out.

32
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The diffusion of water particles of a selectively permeable membrane

33
Q

What does a microscope do?

A

A microscope magnifies the images of small objects.

34
Q

Why do cells reproduce?

A

To replace the ones that die every day and to repair damaged ones

35
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

To carry oxygen to all the cells of the body

36
Q

How do red blood cells reproduce?

A

When they get big enough they lose their nucleus. Without their nucleus they can’t reproduce. So they rely on specialized tissue to make them. It’s called marrow

37
Q

What are the four different tissue types?

A

Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous tissue,

Muscle tissue.

38
Q

What is the function of connective tissue?

A

Supports and connects different parts of the body. Blood is a connective tissue and so are fat, cartilage, bones, and tendons.

39
Q

What does epithelial tissue do?

A

Covers the surface of your body and the outside of your organs. It also lines your intestine.

40
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Makes up the brain and the spinal cord

41
Q

What does the muscle tissue do?

A

Allow you to move. One type of muscle allows your move your body. Cardiac muscle tissue pumps blood through your heart and smooth muscle moves food along your intestine

42
Q

What types of tissues do plants have?

A

Photosynthetic/ storages, protective, and transport.

43
Q

What does protective tissue do?

A

Waterproof layer

Protects plant

44
Q

What does photosynthetic tissue do?

A

Uses sunlight to produce sugar that the plant uses for energy

45
Q

What does transport tissues do?

A

Tube like cells with hollow center
Phloem transports food
Xylem transports water

46
Q

What does phloem do?

A

Transports food

47
Q

What does xylem do?

A

Transports water