A: Mix and Flow of Matter, section 1: WHIMIS and fluids Flashcards
(84 cards)
What does WHMIS stand for?
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
https://whmis.org/
What is the purpose of WHMIS?
To warn people about dangerous materials in the workplace and to help decide how to store the materials safely.
exploding bomb
for explosion or reactivity hazards
Self-reactive substances and mixtures (Types A and B)
Organic peroxides (Types A and B)
flame
for fire hazards
Flammable gases (Category 1A and 1B Flammable gas; Category 1A and 1B Chemically unstable gas; Category 1A Pyrophoric gas) )
Aerosols (Category 1 and 2)
Flammable liquids (Category 1, 2 and 3)
Flammable solids (Category 1 and 2)
Pyrophoric liquids (Category 1)
Pyrophoric solids (Category 1)
Self-heating substances and mixtures (Category 1 and 2)
Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases (Category 1, 2 and 3)
Self-reactive substances and mixtures (Types B, C, D, E and F)
Organic peroxides (Types B, C, D, E and F)
Chemicals under pressure (Category 1** and 2**)
What is the danger of flammable and combustible material?
They could easily light on fire
Eg: paint thinners
flame over circle
for oxidizing hazards
Oxidizing gases (Category 1)
Oxidizing liquids (Category 1, 2 and 3)
Oxidizing solids (Category 1, 2 and 3)
What is the danger of oxidizing material?
Oxidizing material could make an existing fire worse
Eg Chlorine
gas cylinder
for gases under pressure
Gases under pressure (Compressed gas, Liquefied gas, Refrigerated liquefied gas, and Dissolved gas)
Chemicals under pressure (Category 1, 2 and 3)
What is the danger of compressed gas?
Compressed gas could explode or it could spin out of control if the canister breaks
Eg: propane
corrosion
for corrosive damage to metals, as well as skin and eyes
Corrosive to metals (Category 1)
Skin corrosion/irritation – Skin corrosion (Category 1, 1A, 1B and 1C)
Serious eye damage/eye irritation – Serious eye damage (Category 1)
What is the danger of corrosive material
Corrosive material could chemically burn you (not flames, but eating away at your skin or eating away at the metal for example)
Eg: Acid
What is the danger of reactive material?
It will react with other things
Eg: phosphorus (match head)
skull and crossbones
can cause death and toxicity with exposure to small amounts in a short period of time
Acute toxicity –
Oral (Category 1, 2 and 3)
Dermal (Category 1, 2 and 3)
Inhalation (Category 1, 2 and 3)
What is the danger of poisonous and infectious materials?
Poisonous and infectious materials could make you sick or kill you depending if the amount is over a certain threshold.
Eg: pesticides
health hazard
may cause or suspected of causing serious health effects
Respiratory or skin sensitization – Respiratory sensitizer (Category 1, 1A and 1B)
Germ cell mutagenicity (Category 1, 1A, 1B and 2)
Carcinogenicity (Category 1, 1A, 1B, and 2)
Reproductive toxicity (Category 1, 1A, 1B and 2)
Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single exposure (Category 1 and 2)
Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated exposure (Category 1 and 2)
Aspiration hazard (Category 1)
What is the danger of poisonous and infectious causing other toxic effects?
They could cause long term toxic effects
Eg: asbestos
exclamation mark
may cause less serious health effects or damage the ozone layer
Acute toxicity – Oral, Dermal, Inhalation (Category 4)
Skin corrosion/irritation – Skin irritation (Category 2)
Serious eye damage/eye irritation – Eye irritation (Category 2 and 2A)
Respiratory or skin sensitization – Skin sensitizer (Category 1, 1A and 1B)
Specific target organ toxicity – Single exposure (Category 3)
environment
may cause damage to the aquatic environment
biohazardous infectious materials
for organisms or toxins that can cause diseases in people or animals
Biohazardous Infectious Materials (Category 1)
What is the danger of biohazardous infectious material?
If you come in contact with this material, it could give you a disease
Eg: A virus
What is a fluid?
A fluid is anything that has no fixed shape and can flow. It is a liquid or gas but not a solid.
What is a slurry?
A fluid that is mixed with an insoluble material. Used to transport solid materials.
Examples:
- Cement slurry, a mixture of cement, water, and assorted dry and liquid additives used in the petroleum and other industries.
- Soil/cement slurry, also called Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM), flowable fill, controlled density fill, flowable mortar, plastic soil-cement, K-Krete, and other names[3]
- A mixture of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water produced in a volcanic eruption and known as a lahar
- Coal slurry, a mixture of coal waste and water, or crushed coal and water[5]
- Slip, a mixture of clay and water used for joining, glazing and decoration of ceramics and pottery.
- A mixture of wood pulp and water used to make paper
- Manure slurry, a mixture of animal waste, organic matter, and sometimes water often known simply as “slurry” in agricultural use, used as fertilizer after aging in a slurry pit
- An abrasive substance used in chemical-mechanical polishing
- Slurry ice, a mixture of ice crystals, freezing point depressant, and water
- A bolus of chewed food mixed with saliva[6]
How do you shape a solid such as glass?
Certain solids can be heated and then cooled to make a different shaped solid.
Glass is made from natural and abundant raw materials (sand, soda ash and limestone) that are melted at high temperature to form a new material: glass. This can be reheated to form another shape as well.
What is an example of a slurry you use on your teeth?
Toothpaste: It contains powdered materials and liquids. The powdered materials act as an abrasive, and the liquids help to disburse the abrasives around your teeth.
Some toothpastes contain very little ingredients, and others contain many ingredients. There are a variety of options on the market, and the science behind what works best is complicated, just like any beauty product, and also made confusing by marketing.
The size of the powder chosen has an effect on your teeth, just like sand paper grit size.
There are minerals that can be put in toothpaste to help the teeth stay healthy.
Fluoride is often added to toothpaste, as well as to water. It is usually added in higher quantities in toothpaste. Some people cannot tolerate fluoride and can become very sick from it, so there are alternative ways to clean your teeth. This is an example of why there are many toothpastes on the market. Fluoride may not have the health benefits that have previously been claimed.
Most toothpastes contain sweeteners to help with taste.
An example of ingredients that can be used in a natural toothpaste:
- Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) (reduces acidity and plaque)
- Bentonite clay and/or sea salt (for minerals)
- Coconut oil or water (to make it a slurry)
- Guar gum (a binder, to hold it together, not necessary but sometimes added)
- Powdered finely ground spices, such as cloves, cinnamon, ginger and mint, (flavour and gentle abrasive)
- Xylitol (Sugar alcohols are attractive to bacteria, but they can’t metabolize them, so they die after consuming them. Also makes the toothpaste taste sweet.)
An example of ingredients that can be used in commercial toothpastes:
- Sorbitol
- Silica
- Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
- Pvm/Ma Copolymer (Gantrez)
- Flavour
- Carrageenan
- Gum
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Titanium Dioxide
- Sodium Saccharin
- Triclosan
- Sodium Fluoride
- Titanium Dioxide Coated Mica
- Pigent Green (Ci 74260)
- Lake Quinoline Yellow (Ci 47005 1)
- water
