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1. Science 8 > B: Cells and Systems, section 1: structure, function, organs > Flashcards

B: Cells and Systems, section 1: structure, function, organs Flashcards

1
Q

What are two terms for living things?

A
  • biotic
  • organisms
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2
Q

What is a cell?

A

A cell is the basic unit of life. Cells perform the processes that life depends on.

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3
Q

Where do cells come from?

A
  • every cell comes from another cell

All organisms have at least one cell, so cells come from organisms

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4
Q

Do non-living things have cells?

A

No, unless the non-living thing was once alive

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5
Q

Why do all living things need energy?

A

Energy gives organisms the ability to move or change

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6
Q

How do plants and animals obtain energy?

A
  • Plants use energy from the sun to make food
  • Animals get food from the environment around them
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7
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The sum of all the processes that take place in the cell

The processes convert certain things and can be thought of a little like digestion

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8
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

A stimulus is anything that causes a response in an organism

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9
Q

Do you ever stop growing?

A

No, never, unless you die.

For example, new skin is always being produced.

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10
Q

What is an adaptation?

A

An adaptation is a characteristic that allows an organism to live in its environment

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11
Q

What are the parts of an organism that perform a specific task called?

A

Structure

Or organ, maybe even system if thinking along the lines of cells –> tissues –> organs –> system

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12
Q

What are different structures that some animals and plants use?

A

Wings, tails, legs, and arms

There are many examples, the ones above are the easiest to remember

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13
Q

Why are there many variations on structures that perform the same function?

A

It depends on what kind of food the species eats and what kind of environment they live in

For example, the bird beak looks different from one species to the next because of what the beak has to do in the particular environment and because of what the bird has a available to eat.

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14
Q

What is a system?

A

A bunch of organs put together to perform a function

Remember cells –> tissues –> organs –> system

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15
Q

What is an organ?

A

A part of a system, made of different types of tissues.

Remember cells –> tissues –> organs –> system

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16
Q

What is the function of the circulatory system?

A
  • Transports oxygen, food, and other substances throughout the body
  • Transports some wastes to other organs for elimination
  • Defends the body against diseases
  • Connects all other organ systems
17
Q

What organs are part of the circulatory system?

A 
Heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Blood
18
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

A
  • Transports oxygen from the outside air to the blood
  • Transports carbon dioxide from the blood to the outside air
19
Q

What organs are part of the respiratory system?

A 
Nose
Mouth
Trachea
Diaphragm 
Bronchi
Lungs
20
Q

What is the function of the digestive system?

A

•Break down food pieces into much smaller particles so they can be absorbed and transported throughout the body

21
Q

What are the organs in the digestive system?

A 
Salivary glands
Mouth
Esophagus 
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Small intestine
Large intestine
22
Q

What are the functions of the nervous system?

A
  • Coordinate and control the actions of all organs and organ systems
  • Detect, process, and respond to changes in external and internal environments
23
Q

What is the function of the excretory system?

A

•Remove chemical and gaseous waste from the blood

24
Q

What organs are part of the excretory system?

A 
Kidneys
Bladder
Lungs
Skin
Liver
25
Q

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

A
  • Provide moveable support frame for the body
  • Protect soft tissue organs such as the heart and lungs
26
Q

What are the parts of the nervous system?

A

Brain
Spinal cord
Sensing organs

27
Q

What are the parts of the skeletal system?

A
  • Bones
  • Cartilage
28
Q

What is the function of the muscular system?

A
  • Move bones
  • Move organs that contain muscle tissue
29
Q

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

A
  • Protect the body’s internal environment from the external environment
  • Senses pain, pressure, and temperature

This is the skin

30
Q

What are the parts of the integumentary system?

A

Skin

31
Q

Which systems classify us as living?

A

Remember the characteristics of living things, and you will see that systems in humans meet these needs. For example:

For grow and develop: the integumentary system because the skin grows
For respond to the environment: nervous system
For need energy: the digestive system because it breaks down the food particles

32
Q

What are the six characteristics of living things?

A
  • They are made of cells
  • They need energy
  • They grow and develop
  • They respond to their environment
  • They reproduce
  • They have adaptations for their environment

1. Science 8 (16 decks)

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