B-4 Bioenergetics Flashcards
What is the the equation for photosynthesis
- Carbon dioxide + water -light- Glucose + oxygen
What does C6H12O6 mean
glucose
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis
6CO2+ 6H2O -light- C6H12O6 + 6o2
What is photosynthesise
- An endothermic reaction in which energy is transferred from the environment to the chloroplasts by light
What effect dos light have on rate of photosynthesis
- Not enough right slows down the rate
- Increased light causes a steady increase in light to a certain point
- Once it gets to a certain point another factor will become the limiting factor
What effect does carbon dioxide have on level of photosynthesis
- too little carbon dioxide slows down the rate
- Raw material needed
- Increase in rate until new limiting factor
- What effect does temperature have on the level of photosynthesis
- Enzymes needed for photosynthesis have optimum temperatures
- IF it gets too hot they will become de natured
around 45oc
What effect does the level of chloroplast have on photosynthesis
- May be reduced by disease or environmental stress
- Cannot absorb light
- Slowed down
Explain the steps in investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis
- A source of white light is placed at a specific distance from the pondweed that is in a testable
- Pondweed left to photosynthesise for specific time- the oxygen will be collected in capillary tube
- GAs bubble drawn up with syringe and measured with ruler
- Repeated at different lengths
- What his the inverse square law
- Distance increases light intensity decreases- inversely proportional
- light intensity = 1/ distance 2
- What are the use of artificial creation of photosynthesis
- Greenhouse
- Temperature doesn’t become limiting
- Artificial light
- Co2
- costs money, but makes more money
- has to find economic balance so it makes more money., by finding optimum levels that man money
What are the uses for glucose produced by photosynthesis
- Used for respiration
- Converted into insoluble starch for storage
- Used to produce fat or oil for storage
- Used to produce cellulose- cell wall
- Amino acids for protein synthesise
- How do plants produce proteins
- Amino acids
- Also use nitrate ions from soil
What is cellular respiration
- Exothermic reaction which is continuously occurring in living cells
- Supplies all energy needed for living
- Process of transferring energy from glucose .
What do organisms need energy for
- Chemical reactions to build larger molecules
- Muscles- movement
- Keeping warm- body temp
What is aerobic respiration
- Uses oxygen
- Plants and animals
- Mitocondria
What are the word and symbol equations for aerobic respiration
- Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide+ WATER
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is anaerobic respiration
When there is not enough oxygen
- Glucose- lactic acid - muscle cells
- Oxidation of glucose incomplete- less energy
How in aerobic respiration different in Yeast and plants
- Glucose - Ethanol + co2
- Fermentation in yeast cells- makes bread rise and produces alcohol
What happens during exercise - energy
- Humanbody reacts to increased demand for energy
What happens to heart rate during exercise
- Heart rate, breath volume an breathing rate increase during exercise to supply muscles with more oxygenated blood
When will anaerobic respiration take place in the human body
- If insufficient oxygen is supplied- Muscles
- Incomplete oxidation of glucose causes build of of lactic acid and oxygen debt
- Fatigued
What happens to the lactic acid after anaerobic respiration
- Blood flowing through muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver
- Converted back into glucose
What is oxygen debt
- Amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with accumulated lactic acid and remove from cells
