B-4 Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is the the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 1

• Carbon dioxide + water -light- Glucose + oxygen

Question 2

What does C6H12O6 mean

Answer 2

glucose

Question 3

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 3

6CO2+ 6H2O -light- C6H12O6 + 6o2

Question 4

What is photosynthesise

Answer 4

• An endothermic reaction in which energy is transferred from the environment to the chloroplasts by light

Question 5

What effect dos light have on rate of photosynthesis

Answer 5

• • Not enough right slows down the rate
• Increased light causes a steady increase in light to a certain point
• Once it gets to a certain point another factor will become the limiting factor

Question 6

What effect does carbon dioxide have on level of photosynthesis

Answer 6

• too little carbon dioxide slows down the rate
• Raw material needed
• Increase in rate until new limiting factor

Question 7

• What effect does temperature have on the level of photosynthesis

Answer 7

• Enzymes needed for photosynthesis have optimum temperatures
• IF it gets too hot they will become de natured
  around 45oc

Question 8

What effect does the level of chloroplast have on photosynthesis

Answer 8

• May be reduced by disease or environmental stress
• Cannot absorb light
• Slowed down

Question 9

Explain the steps in investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 9

• A source of white light is placed at a specific distance from the pondweed that is in a testable
• Pondweed left to photosynthesise for specific time- the oxygen will be collected in capillary tube
• GAs bubble drawn up with syringe and measured with ruler
• Repeated at different lengths

Question 10

• What his the inverse square law

Answer 10

• Distance increases light intensity decreases- inversely proportional
• light intensity = 1/ distance 2

Question 11

• What are the use of artificial creation of photosynthesis

Answer 11

• Greenhouse
• Temperature doesn’t become limiting
• Artificial light
• Co2
• costs money, but makes more money
• has to find economic balance so it makes more money., by finding optimum levels that man money

Question 12

What are the uses for glucose produced by photosynthesis

Answer 12

• Used for respiration
• Converted into insoluble starch for storage
• Used to produce fat or oil for storage
• Used to produce cellulose- cell wall
• Amino acids for protein synthesise

Question 13

• How do plants produce proteins

Answer 13

• Amino acids

- Also use nitrate ions from soil

Question 14

What is cellular respiration

Answer 14

• Exothermic reaction which is continuously occurring in living cells
• Supplies all energy needed for living
• Process of transferring energy from glucose .

Question 15

What do organisms need energy for

Answer 15

• Chemical reactions to build larger molecules
• Muscles- movement
• Keeping warm- body temp

Question 16

What is aerobic respiration

Answer 16

• Uses oxygen
• Plants and animals
• Mitocondria

Question 17

What are the word and symbol equations for aerobic respiration

Answer 17

• Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide+ WATER

C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 18

What is anaerobic respiration

Answer 18

When there is not enough oxygen

• Glucose- lactic acid - muscle cells
• Oxidation of glucose incomplete- less energy

Question 19

How in aerobic respiration different in Yeast and plants

Answer 19

• Glucose - Ethanol + co2

- Fermentation in yeast cells- makes bread rise and produces alcohol

Question 20

What happens during exercise - energy

Answer 20

• Humanbody reacts to increased demand for energy

Question 21

What happens to heart rate during exercise

Answer 21

• Heart rate, breath volume an breathing rate increase during exercise to supply muscles with more oxygenated blood

Question 22

When will anaerobic respiration take place in the human body

Answer 22

• If insufficient oxygen is supplied- Muscles
• Incomplete oxidation of glucose causes build of of lactic acid and oxygen debt
• Fatigued

Question 23

What happens to the lactic acid after anaerobic respiration

Answer 23

• Blood flowing through muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver
• Converted back into glucose

Question 24

What is oxygen debt

Answer 24

• Amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with accumulated lactic acid and remove from cells

Question 25

What is metabolism

Answer 25

-Sum of all reactions in a cell or body

Question 26

What happens to energy transferred by respiration in cells

Answer 26

• Used bu organism for continual enzyme controlled process of metabolism that synthesise new molecules

Question 27

What are some examples of larger molecules being made from smaller ones

Answer 27

• Glucose joined together to produce Starch ,glycogen ,cellulose
• Lipid molecules are each made of one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids
• Glucose combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids

Question 28

What are examples of larger molecules being broken down into smaller ones

Answer 28

• Glucose broken down in respiration

- Excess portion roken down in reaction produce urea