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Gross Anatomy 2 > Axilla And Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Axilla And Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What runs from neck to first rib?

A

Subclavian artery.

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2
Q

What is base of axilla?

A

Skin of the armpit and superficial fascia which overlies the deep or Axillary fascia.

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3
Q

Describe anterior wall of axilla?

A

Pec major and it’s investing fascia (pectoral fascia) and pectoralis minor (clavipectoral fascia)

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4
Q

What is in the deltopectoral triangle?

A

Cephalic vein and thoracoacromial trunk (artery)

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5
Q

What makes up the medial wall of the axilla?

A

Serratus anterior and the ribs.

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6
Q

What forms lateral wall of axilla?

A

Bicipital groove of humerus.

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7
Q

What is the apex of the axilla?

A

Upper border of scap, clavicle, and first rib.

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8
Q

What does brachial plexus do?

A

Provides inner action to the upper limb.

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9
Q

Somatic afferents of brachial plexus?

A

Exteroceptive: pain, temp, pressure, touch, vibration (cutaneous innervations).
Proprioceptive: joint and position sense.

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10
Q

Autonomics of brachial plexus function?

A

Sympathetics to the upper limb that innervate sweat glands and smooth muscle of arteries and hair follicles.

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11
Q

Brachial plexus sends motor to voluntary muscles via what?

A

Somatic efferents.

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12
Q

What rami does brachial plexus consist of?

A

Ventral primary rami from C5 thru T1 as well as a small contribution from C4

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13
Q

What roots form upper trunk of brachial plexus?

A

C5/6

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14
Q

What roots from brachial plexus form middle trunk?

A

C7

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15
Q

What roots of brachial plexus form lower trunk?

A

C8 and T1

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16
Q

What nerves come off upper trunk of brachial plexus?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve.
Suprascapular nerve.
Nerve to subclavius.

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17
Q

What nerve stems from C5 past T1?

A

Long thoracic nerve.

18
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve?

A

C4/5

19
Q

Long thoracic nerve?

A

C5/6/7

20
Q

Nerve to subclavius?

A

C5/6 and sometimes C4

21
Q

Suprascapular nerve?

A

C5//6 and sometimes C4

22
Q

What cords arise from divisions of brachial plexus?

A

Lateral cord, posterior cord, medial cord

23
Q

What nerve roots does lateral cord consist of?

A

C5/6/7

24
Q

What nerve roots stem from posterior cord?

A

C5/6/7/8/T1

25
Q

What nerve roots stem from medial cord of brachial plexus?

A

C8/T1

26
Q

What nerve is derived from lateral cord?

A

Lateral pectoral nerve.

27
Q

What nerves derive from medial cord?

A

Medial pectoral nerve
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

28
Q

What nerves are derived from posterior cord?

A

Upper subscapular nerve.
Thoracodorsal nerve.
Lower subscapular nerve.

29
Q

Upper subscapular nerve and lower subscapular nerve roots?

A

C5/6

30
Q

Thoracodorsal nerve roots?

A

C6/7/8

31
Q

Muscolocutenaous nerve roots?

A

C5/6/7

32
Q

Ulnar nerve roots?

A

C7/C8/T1

33
Q

What are the 5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus that are formed from the cords?

A

Musculocuteanous nerve.
Median nerve.
Ulnar nerve.
Axillary nerve.
Radial nerve.

34
Q

What 2 terminal branches does posterior cord give rise to?

A

Axillary nerve and radial nerve.

35
Q

Radial nerve roots?

A

C5/6/7/8/T1

36
Q

Axillary nerve roots?

A

C5/6

37
Q

Median nerve roots?

A

C6/7/8/T1

38
Q

What are general upper trunk brachial plexus injuries referred to as?

A

Erb palsy
Duchenne-Erb palsy
Upper radicular syndrome “waiter’s tip position”

39
Q

How are upper trunk brachial plexus injuries produced?

A

By increasing angle between neck and shoulder.
Examples: thrown from motorcycle, hitting a tackle dummy wrong, carrying a heavy backpack for long periods of time

40
Q

What happens when an action increases the angle between the neck and shoulder?

A

A pull, tear, or stretch occurs of C5/6 and nerve roots of upper trunk

Gross Anatomy 2 (11 decks)

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