AVN 2100 Airplane Basics Flashcards
What are the 5 basic parts of an aircraft?
Powerplant, Wind, Fuselage, Empennage, Landing Gear
What are fuselage structure types?
Truss, Monocoque, Semi-monocoque
What are the 2 types of truss construction?
Open truss and closed truss
What is the difference between open truss and closed truss?
Open truss the struts and wire bracing are visible, closed truss the structure is covered with fabric or metal to streamline the airplane
When the skin is designed to be the only load carrying structure it is a _______ design.
Monocoque
Load carrying skin with an additional substructure for added strength is a ______ design
Semi-monocoque
Monocoque designs use ________ to support almost all the load
Stressed skin
Though very strong, a problem with stressed skin is that:
It will collapse easily if dented
The empennage consists of the:
Vertical stabilizer and horizontal stabilizer
Where is the rudder located?
On the vertical stabilizer
What is a stabilator?
A one piece stabilizer/elevator
What does the vertical stabilizer do?
Helps maintain a straight path through the air
What does the horizontal stabilizer do?
Provides stability and balance by producing a tail down force
What does the rudder do?
Moves the nose left and right (yaw)
How is the rudder controlled?
Foot pedals
Pushing the rudder pedal to the right will move the rudder _____, moving the tail to the ____ and the nose to the ______
Right, left, right
What is the elevator used for?
To pitch the nose up and down
Wings are designed to have ____
The maximum lifting capability possible
Where are the ailerons located?
The trailing edge of the wing, from the midpoint of the wing to the wingtips
Turning the control column to the left, the left aileron is deflected ____ and the right aileron is deflected _____
Up, down
In most small aircraft, flaps are ______ controlled
Electrically
Flaps are:
Lift altering devices used for takeoff and landing
Flaps extend from the _____ to the _____ of the wings
Root, midpoint
If the third gear is under the tail, the plane has a ______ configuration
Conventional
With tricycle gear, the third gear is located _____
Under the nose
An oleo strut absorbs pressure _____ then releases it _______
Rapidly, slowly
For most light aircraft, an oleo strut is used on the ________ only.
Nosewheel
The nosewheel absorbs most of the shock because:
The weight of the powerplant is directly above it
Disc brakes are located on the _____ but not the ______
Main wheels, nose wheel
Differential braking can be used to _____ but only when necessary.
Turn the plane on the ground
On which of Newton’s laws does a turbine engine operate?
Third – For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
What are the three axes of flight?
Vertical - Yaw, Lateral - Pitch, Longitudinal - Roll
What are the three primary control surfaces?
Rudder, elevator, ailerons
Archimedes discovered that pressure ____ with depth
Increases
Archimedes principle states:
Any object, wholly are partially immersed in a fluid, is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
Air density _____ as altitude increases.
Decreases
Why won’t a balloon continue to rise forever?
As it rises, air density decreases and therefore so does buoyant force
What is the difference between an airship and a balloon?
An airship has a form of propulsion
