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FSS1601 AK3 > AV25: SIGMETs / AIRMETs - HS > Flashcards

AV25: SIGMETs / AIRMETs - HS Flashcards

1
Q

SIGMET

A

(Significant meteorological information) Information message issued by a meteorological watch office (MWO) to advise pilots of the occurrence or expected occurrence of specified weather phenomena which may affect the safety of AC operatons and the development of those phenomena in time and space.

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2
Q

AIRMET

A

Information message issued by a MWO to advise pilots of the occurrence or expected occurrence of specified weather phenomena which may affect the safety of AC operations which were not already included in the GFA and the development of those phenomena in time and space.

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3
Q

GFA

A

Graphic Area Forecast- A series of temporarily adjusted weather charts, each depicting the most probable meteorological conditions expected to occur below 24000ft over a given area at a specified time.

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4
Q

What is the purpose of a SIGMET?

A

To provide short term warnings of more serious hazards which are important to all types of AC. Primarily intended for ground to air communications.

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5
Q

How many phenomenon may be included in a SIGMET?

A

One

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6
Q

What are the qualifiers for issuing a SIGMET?

A
  • Thunderstorm
  • Severe turbulence
  • Severe icing
  • Severe mountain waves
  • LLWS
  • +DS
  • +SS
  • Radioactive cloud
  • Volcanic ash
  • Tropical cyclone
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7
Q

FRQ with regards to thunderstorms

A

Indicates an area of TS within which there is little or no separation between adjacent TS with a maximum spatial coverage greater than 50% of the area affected or forecast to be affected.

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8
Q

Are hail, tornadoes and funnel clouds criteria for a SIGMET to be issued?

A

No, they are used to further describe a thunderstorm

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9
Q

What does SEV TURB refer to in a SIGMET?

A
  • Low level turbulence associated with strong surface winds-
  • rotor streaming
  • turbulence whether in cloud or not in cloud

Turbulence shall not be used in connection with convective clouds

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10
Q

What does SEV ICG refer to in a SIGMET?

A

Icing that occurs other than in convective clouds.

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11
Q

What is the content of a SIGMET?

A
  • WMO heading
  • Area coverage
  • Meteorological phenomenon
  • Whether it is forecast or observed
  • Height of layers affected
  • Type of AC reporting
  • Expected movement
  • Expected development
  • Tendency
  • = (indicates the end of the message
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12
Q

WS SIGMET

A

For TS, TURB, ICG, MTW, LLWS, DS, SS, RDOACT CLD

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13
Q

WV SIGMET

A

VA

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14
Q

How are SIGMETs sequenced?

A

Alphanumerically (A1, A2, A3…)

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15
Q

How are cancellations sequenced?

A

In the same way as updates, using the next number.

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16
Q

When is the numbering for a SIGMET reset?

A

Each day at 0000Z.

17
Q

How often must a SIGMET be updated?

A

Every four hours, except to WV an WC which are every six hours.

18
Q

What is the purpose of an AIRMET?

A

To ensure dissemination of significant meteorological changes to pilots after briefing or departure and to automatically amend the GFA.

19
Q

How many GFA domains are there in Canada?

A

7

20
Q

How many charts does a GFA consist of?

A

Six: Two valid at the beginning of the forecast period, two valid six hours into the period, and two valid at the end of the period. One of the two valid at each time shows the cloud and weather, one shows icing, turbulence and freezing level.

21
Q

What is the criteria for issuing an AIRMET?

A
  • Surface windspeed (mean over 30kts)
  • Surface visibility/cloud covering(vis less than 3 or BKN or OVC under 1000ft)
  • Thunderstorm or TCU
  • Moderate turbulence
  • Moderate icing
  • Moderate mountain waves
22
Q

When can you report both TCU and TS?

A

When both are present and the spatial amount of the TCU exceeds that of the the TS with the cumulative spatial amount not exceeding 100%.

23
Q

What is considered ISOLD with regards to TS or TCU?

A

If it consists of individual features which affect, or are forecast to affect, an area with a maximum spatial coverage of 25% or less of the area concerned.

24
Q

What is considered OCNL with regards to TS or TCU?

A

If it consists of well separated features which affect, or are forecast to affect, an area with a maximum spatial coverage of 26%-50% of the area concerned.

25
Q

What is considered FRQ with regards to TCU?

A

Indicates an area of TCU within which there is little or no separation between adjacent clouds with a maximum spatial coverage greater than 50% of the area affected, or forecast to be affected, by the phenomenon.

26
Q

What is considered widespread?

A

Indicates that 50% or greater of the area is affected.

27
Q

How are AIRMETs numbered and formatted?

A

The same as SIGMETs: Alphanumerically. Updates are rare since the GFA is issued 4 times/day.

28
Q

What is the lead time for a SIGMET?

A

Lead time: The amount of time in advance a notice can be issued.
WS: 4 hours
WV: 12 hours
WV: 12 hours

29
Q

If a significant weather event is forecast to move across more than one FIR, must multiple SIGMETs or AIRMETs be issued?

A

No, a SIGMET or AIRMET for a forecast phenomenon is issued only for the first appearance if an event in Canadian airspace.

30
Q

What is the lead time for an AIRMET?

A

4 hours

31
Q

What is the validity period for an AIRMET?

A

4 hours

32
Q

When should an AIRMET/SIGMET be given to an inbound AC?

A

If within the MF, it is to be passed without request in the advisory. If just outside, it is to be passed if it may affect the flight

33
Q

When should an AIRMET/SIGMET be given to an outbound AC?

A

If within the MF, it is to be passed without request in the advisory. If just outside, it is to be passed if it may affect the flight. If weather well outside the MF is known, recommend the pilot contact the FIC for information.

34
Q

If the AC acknowledges that it has received the current information, must you issue the weather conditions?

A

No, so long as there is no confusion about what the information may be.

FSS1601 AK3 (16 decks)

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