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FSS1601 AK3 > AV24: PIREPs - JB > Flashcards

AV24: PIREPs - JB Flashcards

1
Q

Define PIREP

A

Pilot Weather Report - A report by a pilot pertaining to weather conditions in flight.

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2
Q

What are the purposes of PIREPs

A
  • To warn other pilots regarding turbulence, icing, low ceilings and visibility, ect.
  • Very important for flight planning purposes
  • For aircraft operators scheduling, routing, making go/no go decisions, fuel requirements, weight and balance, de-icing, ect.
  • To help weather forecasters provide a more accurate forecast or confirm accuracy of current forecast.
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3
Q

Criteria for soliciting a PIREP

A
  • Poor weather conditions exist
  • Necessary to remain aware of flight conditions
  • Necessary to determine flying conditions pertinent to natural hazards between reporting stations, in coastal areas, along shorelines, remote areas, mountainous areas, ect
  • Current weather conditions differ significantly from those which were forecast
  • Requested from another unit or aircraft
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4
Q

Conditions criteria for soliciting a PIREP

A
  • Low clouds (obscure height of terrain, ceiling potentially below 1000FT, inoperative ceiling measuring equipment ect.)
  • Reduced visibility (can vary widely in different quadrants and change rapidly and unexpectedly)
  • Icing (Important for IFR aircraft operating in cloud. Especially important for all aircraft if freezing precipitation is occurring or likely to occur. )
  • Turbulence (If high winds and gusts present, potential for low level windshear, signs of mountain wave reported or reports or knowledge of the presence of turbulence)
  • Convective activities (TCU’s CB’s or ACC’s present, presence of moderate to heavy precipitation, or severe weather occurring within sight such as thunder storms, microburst or hail)
  • Other Conditions (whenever you become aware of significant hazards to aviation, such as bird migrations, wildlife activity, or debris on maneuvering area surfaces)
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5
Q

Definition of an Urgent PIREP

A

A pilot report containing weather information significant to the safety of flight

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6
Q

Criteria for an Urgent PIREP

A
  • Volcanic ash
  • Tornado, Water Spout or Funnel Cloud
  • Severe turbulence
  • Severe Icing
  • Hail
  • Low Level Wind Shear
  • Any other reported weather phenomena considered hazardous or potentially hazardous to flight operations.
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7
Q

Definition of a regular PIREP

A

Any PIREP that is not classified as Urgent

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8
Q

For which stages of an aircrafts flight are we soliciting PIREPS for?

A

Climb-out Phase

Approach Phase

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9
Q

At what point in the AAS do you solicit a PIREP?

A

Once you have obtained the pilots intentions. (Roger RWY)

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10
Q

Should you provide a PIREP to a pilot during the advisory?

A

No, adding a PIREP to the advisory is too much information for the pilot to assimilate at once. Provide it separately if possible. (Roger RWY, give PIREP, solicit PIREP)

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11
Q

Can a PIREP ever include an Altimeter Setting?

A

No, Do not record, include in a PIREP, nor relay to an aircraft an aerodrome altimeter setting taken by an aircraft

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12
Q

What is the minimum content for a PIREP?

A
  • Header
  • Location
  • Time
  • Flight level or altitude
  • Aircraft Type
  • At least one other field
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13
Q

PIREP indicators;

UA

A

Routine PIREP

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14
Q

PIREP indicators;

UUA

A

Urgent PIREP

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15
Q

PIREP indicators;

/OV

A

Location of PIREP

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16
Q

PIREP indicators;

/TM

A

Time that PIREP is received from pilot

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17
Q

PIREP indicators;

/FL

A

Flight level or altitude ASL of the aircraft when PIREP filed

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18
Q

PIREP indicators;

/TP

A

Aircraft type

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19
Q

PIREP indicators;

/SK

A

Sky cover

20
Q

PIREP indicators;

/TA

A

Ambient temperature

21
Q

PIREP indicators;

/WV

A

Wind velocity

22
Q

PIREP indicators;

/TB

A

Turbulence

23
Q

PIREP indicators;

/IC

A

Icing

24
Q

PIREP indicators;

/RM

A

Remarks

25
Q

PIREP Headers;

UACN10

A

Normal PIREP

26
Q

PIREP Headers;

UACN01

A

Urgent PIREP

27
Q

3 ways a location can be reported in a PIREP

A

1) As a direction and distance from a NAVAID
2) As a direction and distance from am Aerdrome
3) As a geographical coordinate

28
Q

3 4-letter text abbreviations that can be used for Flight level in PIREP instead of altitude

A

1) DURD - During decent
2) DURC - During Climb
3) UNKN - Unknown

29
Q

Abbreviations for sky condition in a PIREP

A 
CLR - clear (not SKC)
FEW
SCT
BKN
OVC
30
Q

Format for sky condition in a PIREP

A

(cloud base)(sky condition)(cloud tops)
eg. 010BKN028
means ceiling 1000FT Broken, cloud tops 2800FT

31
Q

Are wind direction in a PIREP reported in degrees magnetic or true?

A

True, if pilot gives wind direction in degrees magnetic, the specialist must convert to true.

32
Q

When do you include an altitude in turbulence (/TB) or icing (/IC) in a PIREP?

A

If different then recorded in /FL

33
Q

PIREP abbreviations for Turbulence (/TB);

-Intensities

A

LGT - light
MDT - moderate
SEV - severe

34
Q

PIREP abbreviations for Turbulence (/TB);

- Type

A

CAT - clear air turbulence

35
Q

Where would you record the frequency of Turbulence in a PIREP?

A

Remarks (/RM) not /TB

36
Q

Turbulence frequencies in a PIREP

A

OCNL - occasional - less then 1/3 of the time
INTMT - intermittent - 1/3 - 2/3 of the time
CONTUS - continuous - more then 2/3 of the time

37
Q

Effect of light turbulence

A

Momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude

38
Q

Effect of light chop

A

Causes slight, rapid and somewhat rhythmic bumpiness without appreciable changes in altitude or attitude

39
Q

Effect of Moderate Turbulence

A

Increased intensity causes changes in altitude and/or attitude but aircraft remains in positive control at all times. Changes in indicated airspeed may occur

40
Q

Effect of moderate chop

A

More intense chop that causes rapid bumps or jolts without appreciable changes in aircraft altitude or attitude.

41
Q

Effect of severe turbulence

A

Causes large abrupt changes in altitude and/or attitude with large variations in indicated air speed. Aircraft may be momentarily out of control

42
Q

Intensity of icing;

TR

A

Trace - Ice become perceptible, deicing not used unless encountered for more then 1 hour. Rate of accumulation slightly higher than rate of sublimation.

43
Q

Intensity of icing;

LGT

A

Light - Rate of accumulation may create a problem if flight is prolonged in this environment (over 1 hour) Occasional use of deicing/anti-icing equipment
Does not pose a problem is deicing/anti-icing used

44
Q

Intensity of icing;

MDT

A

Moderate - Rate of accretion is such that even short encounters become potentially hazardous and use of deicing/anti-icing or a diversion is necessary

45
Q

Intensity of icing;

SEV

A

Severe - rate of accretion is such that deicing/anti-icing fails to reduce or control hazard. Immediate diversion is necessary.

46
Q

What goes in Remarks (/RM) in a PIREP?

A

Any information not acceptable in previous fields in the order of importance. (TS before VIS ect.)
If a local name is given, give name, then direction and distance from March in brackets. eg. Evelyn (5 NW YMR)

FSS1601 AK3 (16 decks)

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