Autonomic Nervous System Questions

Question 1

The autonomic nervous system is a division of the……..

a - CNS

b - PNS

c - efferent nervous system

d - afferent nervou system

Answer 1

b and c

Question 2

Sympathetic nerves have…….

a - craniosacral outflow

b - thoracolumbar outflow

c - long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibres

d - short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibres

Answer 2

b and d

Question 3

sympathetic ganglia are located in…….

a - prevertebral ganglia

b - the CNS

c - paravertebral ganglia

d - the target organ

Answer 3

a and c

a - sympathetic ganglia which lie between the paravertebral ganglia and the target organ

c - also termed the sympathetic chain or trunk, are a series of ganglia which lie in a line lateral and parallel to the vertebral bodies of the spinal column. The ganglia are interconnected to each other and extend from the base of the skull to the sacrum

Question 4

Cranial nerves that contain parasympathetic outflow include……

a - oculomotor nerve

b - facial nerve

c - glossopharyngeal nerve

d - vagus nerve

Answer 4

all of them

a - parasympathetic to pupil causing constriction and to ciliary muscle causing accommodation of the lens

b - parasympathetic innervation of submandibular & sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal glands, glands of nose & palate

c - parasympathetic innervation of parotid gland

d - parasympathetic innervation of muscle in bronchi, gut, heart

Question 5

in the sympathetic system the synapses between pre-and post-ganglionic cells are…..

a - cholinergic and muscarinic

b - cholinergic and nicotinic

c - adrenergic and nicotinic

d - adrenergic and muscarinic

Answer 5

b

Question 6

Acetylchlorine acts on what type of receptors?

Answer 6

Acts on cholinergic receptors:

• Nicotinic receptors
• Muscarinic receptors

Question 7

Noradrenaline and adrenaline act on what type of receptors?

Answer 7

Acts on adrenergic receptors:

• a receptors
• b receptors

Question 8

in the parasympathetic system the synapses between pre- and post-ganglionic cells are…………

a - cholinergic and muscarinic

b - cholinergic and nicotinic

c - adrenergic and nicotinic

d - adrenergic and muscarinic

Answer 8

b

Question 9

in the parasympathetic system the synapses between post-ganglionic cells and hteir targerts are…………

a - cholinergic and muscarinic

b - cholinergic and nicotinic

c - adrenergic and nicotinic

d - adrenergic and muscarinic

Answer 9

a

Question 10

post-ganglionic cells in the adrenal medulla…….

a - release adrenaline

b - have no axons

c - are part of the sympathetic system

d - contribute to mass activation

Answer 10

all of them

Question 11

Adrenaline and noradrenaline act on…….

a - adrenergic receptors

b - alpha receptors

c - beta receptors

d - muscarinic receptors

Answer 11

a, b and c

Question 12

in the eye activation of the sympathetic system causes……..

a - relaxation of the radial muscle in the iris

b - contration of the radial muscle in the iris

c - relaxation of the ciliary muscle surrounding the lens

d - contraction of the ciliary muscle surrounding the lens

Answer 12

b and c

if the radial muscle contracts the pupil diltaes and if the circular (sphincter) muscle contracts the pupil contracts

if the ciliary muscle ir relaxed then the eye focuses far as the suspensory ligaments are pulled streching the lens but if the ciliary muscle contratcs then the eye focuses close up as this releases tension of the suspensory ligaments and the lens becomes more round

Question 13

eye drops used to dilate the pupils of the eye may contain……

a - a muscarinic antagonist

b - a muscarinic agonist

c - an alpha 1 antagonist

d - an alpha 1 agonist

Answer 13

a and d

a muscarinic antagonist would help block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system which would constrict the eye

an alpha 1 agonist would help promotoe the effects of the sympathetic nervous system which would help dilate the eye

Question 14

in the heart, parasympathetic activation causes……

a - an increase in heart rate

b - release of acetylchlorine

c - a decrease in heart rate

d - a decrease in stroke volume

Answer 14

b and c

parasympathetic has no effect on stroke volume

Question 15

in blood vessels activation of……

a - parasympathetic nerves causes vasoconstriction

b - parasympathetic nerves causes vasodilation

c - sympathetic nerves causes vasoconstriction

d - sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation

Answer 15

c

Most blood vessels in the body do not have parasympathetic innervation

Question 16

in some blood vessels, activation of the sympathetic system causes vasodilation because……….

a - the express apha 1 receptors

b - the express beta 1 receptors

c - the express beta 2 receptors

d - Dr McLay ordered it to be so

Answer 16

c

Question 17

in the lung, activation of the sympathetic system causes…….

a - an increase in respiratory rate

b - an increase in airway resistance

c - relaxation of smooth muscle

d - contraction of smooth muscle

Answer 17

c