Autonomic Nervous system disorders

Question 1

Guillian-Barre Definition

Answer 1

Acute paralytic polyneuropathy affecting the peripheral nervous system

Question 2

Guillian-Barre Symptoms

Answer 2

cute, symmetrical, ascending weakness; sensory symptoms may also occur

Question 3

Guillian-Barre Triggers

Answer 3

Respiratory/GI infection, GBS symptoms start within 4 weeks

Question 4

Pathophysiology of GBS

Answer 4

Molecular mimicry process where B cells create antibodies against pathogen antigens, which also match proteins on peripheral neurons, potentially targeting myelin sheath or nerve axon proteins

Question 5

GBS Is linked to what (most common) infections

Answer 5

Notably linked to Campylobacter jejuni (Most common)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

Question 6

Characteristics of GBS

Answer 6

Symmetrical ascending weakness
Reduced reflexes

Question 7

Diagnosis of GBS

Answer 7

Clinical picture
Nerve conduction studies
LP - raised protein

Question 8

Management of GBS

Answer 8

Supportive Care
VTE Prophylaxis
IVIG
Plasmapheresis

Question 9

GBS Is linked to what (less common) infections

Answer 9

Influenza A &B
HIV
Covid 19
Zika
varicella-zoster virus,
herpes simplex virus,
hepatitis E,
chikungunya virus,
Japanese encephalitis virus,
bacteria H. influenzae, Escherichia coli,
M. pneumoniae

Question 10

Variant forms of Guillain-Barré syndrome

Answer 10

●Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN)

●Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN)

●Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS)

●Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE)

Question 11

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Most common form of GBS)
Clinical Features

Answer 11

The typical clinical features are a progressive, symmetric muscle weakness accompanied by absent or reduced deep tendon reflexes.

Question 12

Acute motor axonal neuropathy pathology

Answer 12

The pathology predominantly involves axon loss