Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
White Rami Communications
T1-L2
carries pre-ganglionic symp axons to sympathetic chain and prevertebral ganglia and sensory axons from viscera to spinal cord.
where is the nerve cell body of the pre-ganglionic nueron located?
lateral horn of the gray matter
Where are the post-ganglionic cell bodies located?
in periphery, outside CNS
In either Sympathetic chain ganglion (paravertebral ganglion)
or
prevertebral ganglia
Sympathetic chain ganglion
located on either side of vertebral column and extend to entire length of column. House cell bodies for post-ganglionic sympathetic cells
Prevertebral ganglia
are in the plexuses that surround the main branches of the abdominal aorta
They house the post-ganglionic sympathetic cell bodies.
Describe path of sympathetic nervous system innervated head, neck, limbs and muscles
Leave spin cord through ventral roots to enter ventral rami of spinal cords T1-L2.
Leave ventral rami and pass to sympathetic trunks through WHITE RAMI communicates.
Pre-synaptic fibers either:
1) ascend sympathetic trunk to synapses with post-ganglionic neuron of higher or lower paravertebral ganglion
2) enter and synapses immediately on paravertebral ganglion.
These then leave the sympathetic chain ganglia through the gray ramus (unmyelinated) and enter back into the dorsal and ventral rami.
Path of sympathetic innervating viscera
Leave spin cord through ventral roots to enter ventral rami of spinal cords T1-L2.
Leave ventral rami and pass to sympathetic trunks through WHITE RAMI communicates.
Pre-synaptic pass through sympathetic trunk without synapsing (except thoracic) and continue through a splanchnic nerve to reach pre-vertebral ganglia
Gray rami
C1- S5
carry post-ganglionic sympathetic axons from sympathetic chain ganglion to the spinal nerves for distribution through dorsal and ventral rami.
Cardiopulmonary splanchnic n.
Sensory
post-ganglionic sympathetic
from cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic ganglia to the cardiac and pulmonary plexuses
Upper thoracic splanchnic n.
T1-5
Sensory
post-ganglionic sympathetic
from upper thoracic sympathetic chain to aortic plexus
Lower thoracic splanchnic n.
T5-T12 Greater, lesser and least
Greater Splanchnic n.
T5-9
Preganglionic sympathetic: to celiac ganglion
Sensory axons from viscera to celiac artery
Lesser splanchnic n.
T10-11
Preganglionic sympathetic to superior mesenteric ganglion
sensory axons supplied to superior mesenteric artery
Least splanchnic n.
T12
preganglionic sympathetic to aorticorenal ganglion
sesnory axons from viscera supplied to renal, suprarenal and gonadal a.
Lumbar splanchnic n.
L1-5
Preganglionic sympathetic to inferior mesenteric ganglion or scatter ganglia of hypogastric plexus
sensory axons from viscera to IM a. and internal iliac a.
Sacral splanchnic n.
S1-5
Preganglionic sympathetic to scattered ganglia of hypogastric plexus
sensory axons from viscera to inferior mesenteric and internal iliac a.
what prevertebral ganglia are there?
Celiac
Superior mesenteric
aorticorenal
inferior mesenteric
Celiac ganglia
Houses post-ganglionic sympathetic nueronal cell bodies innervating viscera from celica a.
Esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen
Superior mesenteric ganglia
houses post-ganglionic sympathetic neuronal cell bodies innervating SM a.
Derivatives of midgut: head and uncinate process of pancreas, dudoenum, jejunum, ileum, transvers colon, ascending colon, cecum, appeendix
Aorticorenal ganglia
houses post-ganglion sympathetic neuroanl cell bodies innervating renal, supraregnal and gonadal a.
kidney, suprarenal gland, gonads
Inferior mesenteric ganglia
houses post-ganglion sympathetic neuronal cell bodies innervating IM a.
Hind gut derivatives
Descending colon, sigmoid, proximal rectum
Cardiac plexus
Sensory
Post-Ganglionic sympathetic (Cardiopulmonary splanchnic)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Vagus)
inn: heart and coronary a.
Pulmonary Plexus
Sensory
Post-Ganglionic sympathetic (Cardiopulmonary splanchnic)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Vagus)
inn: pulmonary and brachial a., trachea, bronchi
Aortic Plexus
Sensory
Post-Ganglionic sympathetic (Upper thoracic splanchnic)
inn: thoracic aorta and branches
Celiac plexus
Sensory
pre-Ganglionic sympathetic (greater splanchnic)
post-ganglionic sympathetic (Celiac ganglia)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Vagus)
inn: viscera of celiac a. (stomach, pancreas, spleen, esopagus, liver, gallbladder, superior duodenum)
Superior Mesenteric Plexus
Sensory
pre-Ganglionic sympathetic (Less splanchnic)
post-ganglionic sympathetic (SM ganglia)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Vagus)
inn: viscera of SM a. (duodenum, pancreas, jejunum, iliac, asending colon, cecum, appendix, transverse colon)
Aorticorenal Plexus
Sensory
pre-Ganglionic sympathetic (Least splanchnic)
post-ganglionic sympathetic (aorticorenal ganglia)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Vagus)
inn: viscera of renal, suprarenal and gonadal a. (kidney, suprarenal glands, gonads)
Inferior Mesenteric Plexus
Sensory
pre-Ganglionic sympathetic (Lumbar splanchnic)
post-ganglionic sympathetic (IM ganglia)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Pelvic Splanchnic n)
inn: viscera of IM a. (desc colon, sigmoid, superior rectum)
Hypogastric plexus
Sensory
pre-Ganglionic sympathetic (Lumbar and Sacral splanchnic)
post-ganglionic sympathetic (scattered ganglia)
pre-ganglionic parasympathetic (Pelvic Splanchnic n)
inn: viscera of internal iliac a. (ductus deferens, bladder, ureter, uterus, rectum, seminal vesicle, clitoris or penile glands, corpus cavernosum, and skin, perineal muscles and bulb of labia or scrotum
Parasympathetic nerves
Located either in gray matter of the brainstem and exit through cranial nerves 3, 7, 9 or 10
or from sacral segments of spinal cord S2-4 and the pelvic splanchnic nerves that arise from their anterior rami.
What supplies thoracic and abdominal viscera with parasympathetic n?
Vagus n. from esophagus to end of transverse colon
What does the sacral outflow of supply?
GI tract of descending colon and below
Length of presynpatic fibers vs post synpatic fibers of parasympathetic
Presynpatic are very long from CNS to effector organ
post are very short, running from ganglion located near of on effector organ
Vagus N.
Carries pre-ganglionic parasympathetic n to thoracic and abdominal viscera to the level fo the left colic flexture
Sensory axons innervating same viscera
Pevlic Splanchnic n.
S2-4
Carries sensory and pre-ganglionic parasympatheic axons innervating descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, bladder, uterus, and erectile tissues.
Branches from ventral rami to either act directly on pelvic viscera or extend through hypogastric plexus and along IM a. to act on those viscera the IM supplies.
Pudendal N. Parasympathetic
preganglionic parasympathetic n. to corpus spongiosum (bulb of vesitbule) and corpa cavernosa.
Branches off the ventral rami of S2-4
