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Anatomy Unit 2 TRUNK > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Female develop of inguinal canal

A

oavirs located extraperitondally in post abdomen

the processus vaginalis, traverse the inguinal cana to developing labia majora and carries with is layers of m and fascia

ovaries and Uterus are connected to ab wall by gubernaculum and deep inguinla ring.

ovaries do not migrate into inguinal canal.

round ligament of uterus tranverse inguinal cana and attaches to labia majora.

prcessus vaginalis obliterated

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2
Q

innervation of quadratus lumborum

A

Ventral Rami of T12-L3

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3
Q

artery supply of gallbladder

A

cystic artery

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4
Q

what artery supplies blood to the lesser curvature of stomach?

A

Right and left gastric arteries

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5
Q

where does ilioinguinal n. enter inguinal canal?

A

medial to the deep ring.

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6
Q

Haustra of colon

A

sacculation of colon, helps give rhythm to peristalsis.

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7
Q

Lacunar ligament

A

extension of inguinal ligament at medial end that passes posteriorly to attach to pecten pubis.

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8
Q

omental bursa

A

smaller subdivision of peritoneal cavity, posterior to stomach and liver continuous with greater sac through omental foramen

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9
Q

Internal oblique att.

A

deep to external oblique, smaller and thinner thoracolumbar fascia to inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and rectus sheath

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10
Q

action of rectus abdominis

A

flexion of trunk compression of abdominal cavity

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11
Q

esophagus

A

distal part of esophagus enter through right crus of diaphragm at T10 through esophageal hiatus Blood supply from esophageal branches of left gastric and left inferior phrenic a.

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12
Q

Muscular branch of Lateral nerves

A

S, Post G sym, LMN of psoas and quadratus lumborum m.

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13
Q

teres ligmanet

A

on liver

remnant of fetal umbilical vein

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14
Q

Inferior duodenum

A

longest section. crosses IVC, Aorta and vertebral column crosses anteriorly by superior Mesenteric a and v

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15
Q

three points of ureter consriction

A

uteroplevic junction ureters cross common iliac vessle at pelvic brim ureters enter wall of bladder All areas where kidney stones can become lodged

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16
Q

drainage of blood in kidney

A

left and right renal veins.

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17
Q

anal sinus

A

depression superior to anal valves

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18
Q

renal capsule

A

thick fibrous connective tissue surrounding kidney for protection

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19
Q

Tunica albuginea

A

thick connective outer surface of testis

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20
Q

Transverse mesocolon

A

connects transverse colon to posterior abdominal wall. in between layers are the middle colic vessels

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21
Q

Pectineal Ligmanet

A

Additional fibers that extend from lacunar lig. along pecten pubis

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22
Q

Rectus abdominis att.

A

long flat muscle that extends lengh of anterior abdominal wall from xiphoid process and adjacent costal cartilage to pubic crest and tubercle

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23
Q

Renal sinus

A

innermost cavity of the kidney. Area around the medullas

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24
Q

gastrophrenic ligament

A

from abdominal esophagus to diaphragm

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25
Q

Posterior wall of inguinal canal

A

transversalis fascia, reinforced by conjoint tendon for the medial 1/3.

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26
Q

Linea Alba

A

an aponeurosis that extends from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

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27
Q

Locations of epigastric a.

A

both enter rectus sheath. posterior to rectus abdominis

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28
Q

relationship of duodenum to R kidney

A

located medially, and descending part contact kidney

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29
Q

Ilioinguinal N.

A

L1 S, PostG Sym skin overlying prosimomedial thigh S, Post G sym, LMN muscles of anterior abdominal wall

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30
Q

innervation of diaphragm

A

phrenic n.

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31
Q

Peritoneum

A

think membrane that lines wall of abdominal cavity and covers viscera creates peritoneal cavity

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32
Q

Surface features of kidney

A

superior and inferior poles hilum sinus capsule

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33
Q

Coronary ligaments

A

connect liver to the diaphragm. right anterior and posterior lobe

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34
Q

uncinate process

A

most inferior bulb of the head of the pancreas

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35
Q

Roof of inguinal canal

A

arching transversus abdominus and internal oblique

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36
Q

arterial supply of sigmoid?

A

sigmoid a. (IM)

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37
Q

teniae coloi

A

long bands of smooth muscles that segregate the colon in its wall to three narrow bands. pulls the walls closer together to form haustra.

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38
Q

Superficial inguinal ring

A

end of inguinal canal, superior to pubic tubercle triangular opening in apaneurosis of external oblique

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39
Q

What passes through aortic hiatus?

A

aorta, thoracic duct and sometimes azygous vein

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40
Q

quadrate lobe

A

visible on inferior visceral surface. bounded on left by fissure for the ligament teres and on the right by the gallbladder. functionally related to left lobe

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41
Q

Anterior wall of inguinal canal

A

apaneurosis of external oblique and reinforced by lower fibers of internal oblique (lateral 2/3 of canal)

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42
Q

Boundaries of inguinal canal

A

aponeurosis of external oblique, transversalis fascia, transversus abdominus, inguinal ligmament

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43
Q

Impression of the gallbladder

A

acts as border for quadrate lobe from right lobe

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44
Q

Quadratus lumborum att.

A

fills space between 12th rib and iliac crest on both sides of vertebral column Att: 12th rib to iliolumbar ligmanet and iliac crest.

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45
Q

Anal canal

A

begins at terminal end of rectal ampulla and passes through perineum surrounded by internal (ANS) and external anal sphincters (voluntary control).

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46
Q

in testis layer, peritoneum forms which layer

A

tunica vaginalis visceral and parietal (innermost layer)

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47
Q

Lumbar N.

A

dorsal rami and ventral rami

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48
Q

layers of abdominal wall

A

skin

camper’s fascia

deep fascia

exterial oblique

internal oblique

transversus abdominis

extrapaeritoneal fat

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49
Q

Indirect inguinal hernia

A

most common; more common in men some or all of processus vaginalis remaisn open or patent. peritoneal sac enters inguinal canal through deep inguinal ring. if passage through entire canal, gets all layers of fascia

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50
Q

What passes through inguinal canal in men?

A

testes and accompanying vessels, ducts, nerves

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51
Q

Round ligament of uterus

A

cord like structure that passes from uterus to deep inguinal ring, exits through superficial ring and attaches to connective tissue of labia majora. acquires the same fascia coverings.

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52
Q

hepatorenal ligmanet

A

reflection of coronary ligmanet onto right kidney

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53
Q

what does the pectinate line represet?

A

demarks where visceral versus parietal locations during develpment. supurior to line: A: IM V: to portal system Nerves: visceral motor (sympathetic and parasympathetic) and some sensory (Dulled and unlocalized) LYMPH: to internal iliac nodes Inferior to line: A: Internal iliac V: to caval venous system nerve: somatic motor and sensory (feel shart, localized pain) lympth: superficial inguinal nodes

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54
Q

processus vaginalis

A

a peritoneal diverticulum

the testes transveres the inguinal canal to the developing scrotum and carries with it laters of muscle and fascia from abdominal wall

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55
Q

falciform ligament

A

derived from ventral mesentery, attaches to anterior wall divides the liver into the right and left areas surrounds ligamentum teres and paraumbilical v.

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56
Q

Gallbladder

A

pear shaped sac living on surface of liver that houses and concentrates bile that the liver produces

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57
Q

which parts of the colon are intraperitoneal?

A

transverse and sigmoid

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58
Q

arterial supply of rectum

A

superior rectal a. (IM), inferior rectal a. (Internal pudendal), and Middle rectal (inferior gluteal a)

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59
Q

Lateral cutaneous n. of thigh

A

L2-3 S and Post G sym of skin overlying lateral aspect of thigh

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60
Q

Ventral Rami of Lumbar

A

iliohypogastric ilioinguinal genitofemoral lateral cutaneous muscular branches LUMBAR PLEXUS

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61
Q

what makes up the bile duct?

A

merging from cystic duct and common hepatic duct

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62
Q

hepatorenal ligament

A

between right liver and right kindy, with right suparenal gland

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63
Q

Mesentary proper

A

connects jejunum and ileum to posterior abdominal wall. superior attachment to duodenojejunal junction and ends at ileocecal junction. in between the layers is the branches of superior mesenteric vessels

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64
Q

What happens in inguinal canal to spermatic cord?

A

the contents receive the three fascial coverings: 1) external spermatic fascia (superficial) 2) internal spermatic fascia (Deepest) 3) cremasteric fascia (Middle)

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65
Q

Jejunum

A

interperitoneal follows duodenum. 2/5 of remaining small intestine. in left upper quadrant larger in diameters and thicker wall than ileum inner surface has prominent folds (plicae circulares)

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66
Q

Whad so the transverus abdominus m form in layering testis?

A

nothing!

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67
Q

renal pyramids

A

discontinuous aggregations of triangular shapes that direct outward towards renal cortex, with an apex projecting into renal sinus.

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68
Q

what does the gubernaculum form in females

A

round ligament of uterus

and ovarian ligament

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69
Q

actions of diaphragm

A

inspiration due to negative thoracic pressure

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70
Q

External spermatic fascia

A

continuous with the apaneurosis of external oblique muscle, covers the spermatic cord. evagination site is the superficial inguinal ring.

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71
Q

parts of duodenum

A

1) Superior (only part that is intraparitoneal) 2) descending 3) horizontal 4) ascending

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72
Q

Lobes of liver

A

divided into right and left by the gallbladder and IVC. Right lobe > left lobe right lobe gives rise to quadrate and caudate, but they are functionally distinct

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73
Q

hesselbach’s triangle

A

Laterally: inferior epigastric artery Medially: recuts abdominis inferiorly: inguinal ligmanet site of direct inguinal hernias

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74
Q

hepatoduodenal lig.

A

derived from lesser omentum surround hepatic a., bile duct, and portal v.

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75
Q

prenicocolic ligament

A

ligament out of peritoneum from left colic flexture to diaphragm

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76
Q

what supplies the superior part of abdominal wall with blood?

A

superficial: musculophrenic a. Deep: superior epigastric artery

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77
Q

medial umbilical folds

A

lateral to median umbilical fold.

covers umbilical arteries occluded parts

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78
Q

Arterial supply for cecum and appendix?

A

Ileocolic a.

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79
Q

fissure for ligamentum teres

A

ligament from anterior liver to porta hepatis. separates quadrate from left lobe is remnant of umbilical vein.

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80
Q

left colic flexture

A

junction of transverse and descending colon, inferior to the spleen, higher and most posterior than right colic flexture. attached to diaphragm by phrenicocolic ligament. also called left splenic flexture

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81
Q

caudate lobe

A

visible on posterior part of the visceral surface. bounded on left by fissure for the ligamentum venosum and on the right by the groove for IVC functionally separate from r and left lobes

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82
Q

Body of the gallbladder

A

agains transverse colin superior duodenum

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83
Q

what controls the entry of the major duodenal papilla?

A

sphincter of bile duct (oddi)

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84
Q

lesser curvature

A

point of attachment for lesser omentum

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85
Q

blood supply of ureters

A

from adjacent vessels rental arteries, abdominal aorta, gonadal, internal iliac arteries

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86
Q

Rectus sheath

A

enclose rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles, and forms with aponeuroses of oblique and transversus abdominis muscles

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87
Q

Blood supply to kidney

A

renal artery from ab. aorta, which divides into segmental arteries left renal artery usually arises higher than right. right renal artery is longer, passes posterior to IVC

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88
Q

transversus abdominis actions

A

compression of abdominal cavity

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89
Q

neck of gallbladder

A

narrowing with mucosal folds.

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90
Q

pararenal fat

A

accumulates posterior and postero-lateral to the kidney outside the renal fascia layer.

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91
Q

Transversus abdominis att.

A

deep to internal oblique lower 6 costal cartilages and thoracolumbar fascia –> inguinal lig., iliac crest, and rectus sheath

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92
Q

what does the internal oblique m form in layering testis

A

cremaster muscle.

just superficial to internal spermadic fascia

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93
Q

cystic duct

A

duct from gallbladder to inside

94
Q

Hilum of kidney

A

deep vertical slip which renal vessels, lymphatics and nerves run through. continuous with renal sinus

95
Q

development of inguinal canal - male

A

developing tests are located extraperitoneally in superior lumbar region of posterior abdomen.

connected to anterolateral wall by fibrous tract called gubernaculum

96
Q

hepatogastric lig.

A

derived from lesser omentus surrounds left gastric vessels

97
Q

where doe the esophagus pass in diaphgram?

A

musculature of right crus just left of aoritc hiatus

98
Q

Transversalis Fascia

A

continuous layer of deep fascia that lines abdominal cavity between transversus abdominis muscle and extraperitoneal fat and continues to pelvic cavity (endopelvic).

99
Q

duodenum

A

first part of small intestine C shaped structure adjacent to head of pancreas level of umbilicus.

100
Q

where on the liver is it not covered with visceral poeritoneum?

A

fossa for the gallbladder and port hepatis

101
Q

arterial blood supply of liver

A

right and left hepatic arteries

102
Q

lateral umbilical folds

A

surrounds inferior epigastric vessels

103
Q

renal cortex

A

outtermost layer of the internal kidney. continuous band of pale tissue that surrounds renal medulla

104
Q

what covers middle part of left kieny

A

pancreas

105
Q

internal features of liver

A

portal triads (portal vein, hepatic artery and bile passages) and hepatic veins

106
Q

Descending duodenum

A

neck of gallbladder to lower L3. Anterior to the right kidney and wraps around head of pancreas contains major and minor duodenal papilla

107
Q

efferent ductiles

A

15-20 that connect epidiymis with testis

108
Q

what surrounds the distal opening of the stomach

A

phyloric sphincter

109
Q

what artery supplies blood to the pyloris?

A

right gastric and right gastroepiploic

110
Q

head of pancreas location

A

within C-shaped concavity of duodenum

111
Q

Deep inguinal ring

A

beginning of inguinal canal; midpoint of inguinal ligmanet superior to inguinal lig; lateral to inferior epigastric vessels evagination of transversalis fascia that forms internal spermatic fascia.

112
Q

quadratus lumborum actions

A

extension and lateral flexion of trunk. fixes 12th rib during respiration

113
Q

greater curvature

A

point of attachment for gastrosplenic ligament and greater omentum

114
Q

cryptochidism

A

undescended testis

115
Q

Blood supply of diaphgram

A

superior: musculophrenic and pericardiacophrenic Inferior: Inferior phrenic

116
Q

kidney

A

retroperitondeal, lie just lateral to vertebral column. Right kidney is somewhat lower than the left, due to relationship with liver.

117
Q

what artery supplies blood to the greater curvature

A

Left and right gastroepiploic

118
Q

internal oblique actions

A

flexion and rotation of trunk compression of abdominal cavity

119
Q

what does the scarpa’s fascia form during testis layering?

A

the Dartos muscle

120
Q

what does left hepatic artery supply?

A

left lobe, quadrate, caudate of liber

121
Q

Minor Calyx

A

receive urine from renal papilla and delivers to major calax

122
Q

Right colic flexure

A

junction of ascending and transverse colon, inferior to right lobe of liver. also known as right hepatic flexture

123
Q

perirenal fat

A

or perinephric fat: completely surrounds kidney and enters into hilum and sinus. enclosed by renal fascia

124
Q

free part of duodenum

A

pyloric orifice to neck of gallbladder. passes anteriorly to bile duct, gastroduodenal a., portal vein and inferior vena cava

125
Q

Anterolateral muscles of Abdomen

A

1) external olbique 2) internal oblique 3) transversus abdominis 4) rectus abdominis Keeps abdominal viscera within cavity and maintains their position when upright. contraction assists in both quiet and forced expiration and in coughing and vomitting. increase intra-abdominal pressure during childbirth, urination, and defecation.

126
Q

What supplies the lateral deep part of abdominal walls?

A

10 and 11 intercostal a subcostal a

127
Q

contens of spermatic cord

A

ductus deferens

testicular a.

pampiniform venous plexus –> testicular v.

ductus deferens a.

processus vaginalis - vestige

128
Q

Inguinal hernias

A

protrusion of passage of peritoneal sac, with or without abdominal contents, through weakened part of abdominla wall in groin. Indirect or direct hernias

129
Q

Arterial supply of ascending colon

A

Right colic a. (from SM)

130
Q

lienorenal

A

from peritoneum

surrounds splenic vessels

131
Q

what are organs call outside the peritoneum

A

retroperitoneal

132
Q

what bile duct leaves the liver

A

Right/Left and common hepatic ducts

133
Q

Epipolic foramen

A

connection between greater and lesser sacs (omental bursa)

134
Q

what does the external oblique form in testis layering?

A

external spermadic fascia, just superficial to cremaster muscle

135
Q

what covers the left kidney?

A

the intraperitoneal stomach and spleen

136
Q

what does right hepatic artery supply?

A

Right lobe of liver quadrate lobe

137
Q

Camper’s Fascia

A

superficial fatty layer below umbilicus, fat and thick (usually) Continuous over inguinal ligament and with superficial fascia of thigh, in men continues over penis. In women, it is a component of labia majora

138
Q

Lumbar - Ventral Rami- Lateral

A

Sensory Post-G sympathetic back and skin lmn of back

139
Q

what are the internal features of the stomach?

A

folds (more concentrated round phyloric regions and lower body), cardiac and pyloric orifices, pyloric sphincter (thick circular muscle fibers that form sphincter)

140
Q

Inguinal Ligmanet

A

formed by lower border to external oblique aponeurosis Passes between anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle. Forms the inguinal canal

141
Q

what doe the left hepatic supply?

A

left, caudate, quadrate

142
Q

Superficial abdominal fasia

A

fatty connective tissue layer that is continuous to other regions of the body. In lower region, below umbilicus, it forms two layers: 1) Superficial Fatty Layer 2) deeper membranous layer

143
Q

what passes through the esaphogeal hiatus?

A

esophagus, ant and post vagal trunks, esophageal a. and v., lymph vessles

144
Q

Innervation of parietal peritoneum

A

T7-T12 and L1

145
Q

triangular ligmaent

A

right left

made of peritoneum

connect liver to diaphragm

146
Q

Ascending duodenum

A

last part of duodenum. goes on or to the left of the aorta to L2 and terminates at duodenojejunal flexure. has suspensory mucscle associated to help maintain opening of oriface

147
Q

anal columns

A

in the upper part of anal canal, they have these longitudinal folds which are united inferiorly by anal valves.

148
Q

appendix

A

narrow, hollow tube connected to cecum. large aggregation soft lymphoid tissue that suspend from terminal ileum. though to now contain essential gut bacteria

149
Q

Lumbar - Dorsal Rami - Median

A

Sensory Post-G sympathetic of back and skin lmn back

150
Q

liver visceral surface

A

inferior surface

151
Q

greater omentum att.

A

derived from dorsal mesentery large, apron like. attaches to greater curvatuve of stomach and first part of duodenum and drapes inferiorly over transverse colon and jejunum and ileum. turns around and goes anteriorly to attach to superior surface of transverse colon before attaching to posterior abdominal wall

152
Q

Actions of External olbique

A

flexion and rotation of trunk compression of abdominal cavity

153
Q

Mesenteries

A

folds in peritoneum that suspend abdominal viscera and attach to posterior abdominal wall. allow for some movement and provide conduit for vessels, nerves, and lymphatics 1) mesentery 2) transverse mesocolon 3) sigmoid mesocolon

154
Q

sigmoid colon

A

begins above pelvic inlet and extends to S3, where it merges with rectum. S shape mobile except at beginning and end. in between, suspended by sigmoid mesocolon.

155
Q

relationship of renal a to v.

A

veins are anterior to arteries left renal vein crosses anterior to aorta and posterior to SM

156
Q

Renal Papille

A

very tip of the medulla pyramid, the acipal projection that is surrounded by minor calyx.

157
Q

where is the separation between midgut and foregut?

A

major duodenal papilla. Above is foregut; below is midgut

158
Q

Rectus sheath contents

A

rectus abdominis m.

inferior and superior epigastric

thoracoabdominal n.

lymphatics

159
Q

Fundus

A

round end, which projects inferior to border of liver

160
Q

inguinal canal

A

slit like passage that extends downward and medial, parallel to lower half of inguinal ligament. begins at deep inguinal ring and ends at superficial inguinal ring. Genitofemoral n. spermatic cord (men) round ligament of uterus (women) ilio-inguinnal n. passes through part of canal, and exits through superficial ring.

161
Q

renal fascia

A

membranous condensation of extra-peritoneal fascia that surrounds the perirenal fat

162
Q

Direct inguinal hernias

A

peritoneal sac enters medial end of inguinal canal through weakened posterior wall. due to weakened abdominal musculature seen in mature men. occurs in hesselbach’s triangle only acquires external fascia

163
Q

Major vs. minor duodenal papilla

A

Major: entrance for Bile and pancreatic ducts Minor: accessory entrance for pancreatic duct

164
Q

which parts of the colon are retroperitoneal?

A

ascending and descending

165
Q

what ligaments/foramen does the lesser omentum contain?

A

hepatogastric heatoduodenal epipolic foramen

166
Q

Regions of the stomach

A

Cardia (opening with esophagus) fundus (above cardial orifice) body pyloric

167
Q

arterial supply of transverse colon

A

middle colic a. (SM)

168
Q

renal columns

A

extensions of renal cortex, project into kidney and divide the renal medulla into dicontinous aggregations

169
Q

testis migration

A

migrate inferior to acheive lower temp

around 28 weeks pass through inguinal cana posterior to processus vaginalis

170
Q

What passes through inguinal canal in women?

A

round ligament of the uterus

171
Q

Rectum

A

extends from sigmoid colon at rectosigmoid junction at S3 vertebra and continues below to the anal canal. penetrates pelvic floor and passes through perineum. retroperitoneal structure. anterior to sacrum Lower part of rectum that is expanded is the Ampulla lacks distinct teniae, coli, omental appendices, and sacculations like colon.

172
Q

pancreatic duct

A

begins at tail of pancreas and passes inferiorly

173
Q

Porta hepatis

A

port of entry into liver for hepatic arteries, portal vein and exit point of hepatic ducts

174
Q

Sigmoid mesocolon

A

attaches the sigmoid colon to abdominal wall. contaisn inferior mesenteric vessels

175
Q

bare area of liver

A

were it lies in direct tonact with the diaphragm

176
Q

After migration of testes

A

gubernaculum degerates

stalk of processus vaginalis degernates

distal expasion regains as Tunica vaginalis, a serous sheat of the testis

177
Q

what is a hiatial hernia?

A

When part of the stomach enters through the esophageal crus and enters thoracic cavity.

178
Q

what bile duct leaves the gall-bladder?

A

cystic duct

179
Q

Blood supply of pancrease

A

dorsal and great pancreatic, pancreaticoduodenal

180
Q

lesser omentum

A

derived from ventral mesentery lesser curvature of stomach and 1st part of duodenum to inferior surface of liver.

181
Q

Diaphragm

A

boundary of the posterior abdominal region, separates abdominal from thoracic cavity att: from ziphoid process, inner surface of lower rib & costal cartilages to medial and lateral arcuate ligaments, lumbar vertebrate vis crura to the central tendon.

182
Q

subphrenic recess

A

anterior and superior to liver ; in contact with diaphragm

183
Q

Contents of inguinal canal

A

spermatic cord (M) round ligament of uterus (w), genital branch of genitofemoral n (w) Enter through deep inguinal ring and exit through superficial inguinal ring ilioinguinal n. L1 enters canal midway through internal oblique and exits through superficial ring.

184
Q

Ileum

A

Interperitoneal Distal 3/5 of small intestine mostly in lower right quadrant thinner walls than jejunum, and fewer musocsal folds. opens into large intestine as ileocecal fold.

185
Q

anal valves

A

unions of anal columns. Together they form a circle around the anal canal know as the pectinate line, which marks appropriate line of anal membrane in fetus.

186
Q

lymph drainage of kidney

A

lateral aortic nodes

187
Q

Large intestine

A

distal end of ileum to anus. 1) ascending colon 2) right colic flexture 3) transverse colon 4) left colic flexture 5) descending colon

188
Q

subhepatic recess

A

inferior to liver. Potential for fluid accumulation

189
Q

What arteries supply blood to the duodeonum?

A

gastroduodenal branches Superior pancreaticoduodenal a. inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.

190
Q

what is the relationship of the openings of the diaphragm

A

Aortic haitus (t12); esophageal hiatus T10; caval hiatus (T8)

191
Q

arterial supply of ileum

A

ileal branches and ileocolic (distal ileum) (from SM)

192
Q

Ureter

A

descend retroperitoneally on the medial aspect of psoas major muscle. cross the common iliac artery or external iliac artery to enter pelvic cavity

193
Q

Omental appendices

A

Epipolic appendices, accumulations of fat on colon

194
Q

path of right renal artery

A

off of abdominal aorta and posterior to IVC

195
Q

Genitofemoral n

A

L1-2 Genital branch: S, PostG sym skin overlying part of labium majorum or scrotum S, Post G sym and LMN of cremaster m. Femoral Branch: S, Post G of skin overlying femoral triangle

196
Q

Scarpa’s Fascia

A

deeper membranous layer of superficial fascia below umbilicus Thin and membranous, little to no fat. Merges with fascia lata. firmly attached to linea alba and pubic symphysis. forms the Superficial Perinal fascia (colles’ fascia) in the perineal region. continous with superifical fascia of scrotum

197
Q

gastrosplenic ligmanet

A

attaches the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen surrounds short gastric vesicles

198
Q

Renal medulla

A

inner part of the kidney that is divided into renal pyramids by the renal columns

199
Q

L renal artery passes _____ to the abdominal aorta and _____ to the superior mesenteric a.

A

anterior, posterior

200
Q

what types of cells are in pancreas?

A

Acinar:exocrine sectretions into duodenum via pancreative ducts pancreatic islet: endocrine into bloodstream

201
Q

Floor of inguinal canal

A

medial 1/2 of inguinal ligament, assisted by aponeurosis of external oblique and lacunar ligmament

202
Q

Livers relationship to kidney

A

covers up the anterior surface of the right kideny, separated by a layer of peritoneum

203
Q

Greater sac

A

subdivision of peritoneal cavity majority of space: beings superiorly to diaphragm and continues to pelvic cavity

204
Q

suprarenal gland

A

covers a small part of the superior pole of kidney

205
Q

what does the right supply?

A

right, quadrate

206
Q

caval opening in diaphragm

A

inferior vena cava passes, right phrenic n.

207
Q

Spermatic cord Contents

A

ductus deferens ductus deferens a. testicular a. pampiniform plexus of veins cremasteric a and v. genital branch of genitofemoral n. sympathetic and visceral afferent nerve fibers lymphatics remnants of processus vaginalis

208
Q

in testis layers, transversalis fasica forms…

A

internal spermatic fascia (2nd layer, just on top of tunica vaginalis

209
Q

common hepatic duct

A

left and right hepatic ducts combined. runs near liver with hepatic artery and portal vein.

210
Q

tunica vaginalis

A

closed peritoneal sac partially surrouding testis

represents close off part of the embryonic processus vaginalis

211
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

Formed by peritoneum layers. closed in men has two openings in women where uterine tubes provide passage.

212
Q

Layers of the inguinal canal

A

transversalis fascia internal oblique aponeurosis of external oblique

213
Q

Iliohypogastric

A

L1 Sensory, post G sym of skin overlying lower ant. abdominal wall Sensory, Post G sym, and LMN of muscles of anterior abdominal wall.

214
Q

what supplies inferior part of abdominal wall?

A

superficial epigastric artery, superficial cirumflex iliac artery, both braches of femoral artery Deep: inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac artery

215
Q

Peritoneum

A

thin serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and reflects (some points) on abdominal viscera. Walls= parietal, covering viscera = Visceral

216
Q

pancreas

A

posterior to stomach and duodenum, right of the spleen

217
Q

Internal spermatic fascia

A

evagination of transversalis fascia that runs around the spermatic cord, starts at deep inguinal ring

218
Q

cecum

A

first part of large intestine contains ileocecal junction (mostly inferior to it) sits to the right of iliac fossa. has the veriform appendix

219
Q

what artery supplies blood to the body of the stomach?

A

Left gastric, right gastric, left and right gastroepiploic

220
Q

caval groove

A

on posterior surface. separates caudate from right lobe, houses IVC and in part of bare area

221
Q

Liver diaphragmatic surface

A

anterior, posterior and superior surface smooth and domed

222
Q

Inferior pole of R kidney is…

A

associated with right coloid flexture

223
Q

major calyx

A

larger bundle formed by minor calyxes that then transports the urine to the renal pelvis (2-3 major calices) and then the ureters).

224
Q

Colon

A

extends superiorly from cecum, composed of ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid.

225
Q

External Oblique attachemnts

A

Most superficial of three flat muscles, immediately deep to superficial fascia. att: from lower 8 ribs to iliac crest and rectus sheath (pubic tubercle)

226
Q

organs suspended in peritoneal cavity

A

intraperitoneal

227
Q

Cremasteric fascia

A

continuous with internal oblique muscle, covers and contains the cremasteric muscle

228
Q

what artery supplies blood to the fundus of the stomach?

A

Short gastric a.

229
Q

arterial supply of descending colon

A

left colic a. (IM)

230
Q

fissure for ligamentum venossum

A

hole to the left of IVC and separates posterior part of porta hepatis from left lobe of liver. Remnand to the ductus venosus from fetal days so that it could bypass baby’s liver.

Anatomy Unit 2 TRUNK (9 decks)

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