Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Anatomic difference between somatic motor system and autonomic?

Answer 1

Somatic motor system = lower motor neuron sends its axon to directly innervate its target organ.

Autonomicefferent system is comprised of two efferent neurons. A preganglionic neuron and its fiber and a postganglionic neuron and its fiber.

Question 2

Preganglionic neurotransmitter of both the symapthetic and parasympathetic systems is

Answer 2

Ach

Question 3

Neurotransmitter for postganglionic parasympathetic

Answer 3

Ach

Question 4

Neurotransmitter for post-ganglionic sympathetic

Answer 4

Norep, unless you are talking about sweat glands or erector pili for hair

Question 5

Adrenal gland exception?

Answer 5

Innervated directly by preganglionic Ach. KNOW

Question 6

Know autonomic functions on slide 7

Answer 6

ok

Question 7

The main point of the autonomic NS is to provide rapid but short term responses to stimuli.

Answer 7

Regulation of things like temperature, metabolism, heart rate, and bp are generally managed over the long term by endocrine organs. Short term management is accomplished via autonomic system

Question 8

Summarize the neurotransmitter situation between sympathetics and parasympathetics

Answer 8

Parasympathetics use ACh as pre and post ganglionic neurotransmitter

Sympathetics use ACh as the pre-ganglionic neurotransmitter and Norepinephrine as the post-ganglionic neurotransmitter. That is, unless we are referencing the erector pili or sweat glands which still respond to Ach as their postganglionic NT

Also note that the adrenals receicve direct pre-ganglionic ACh sympathetic innervation

Question 9

Primary ANS neurons of origin lie where

Answer 9

Hypothalamus

Question 10

Sympathetic nervous system secondary neurons lie where

Answer 10

intermediolateral gray matter of the T1-L3 Spinal cord segments. KNOW

Question 11

Parasympathetic nervous sytem secondary neurons lie in what areas of the SC

Answer 11

Cranial Sacral

Question 12

Sympathetic does what to the pupils?

Answer 12

Dilates them to give full vision

Parasympathetic cnstricts them so you can see close up

Question 13

Parasympathetic and sympathetic on the glands

Answer 13

Parasympathetic- increased secretions, watery secretions

Sympathetic- decreased secretions, thick secretions

Question 14

Constriction of the coronary arteries via the the sympathetic nervous system occurs via which receptor

Answer 14

alpha receptor

Beta receptors dilate

Question 15

Alpha receptors

Answer 15

Constrict

Question 16

Beta receptors

Answer 16

Dilate

Question 17

Parasympathetic allows you to pop a wood, sympa lets you shoot

Answer 17

ok

Question 18

Superior salivatory nuclei exits where

Answer 18

with cranial nerve VII….innervates lacrimal and salivary glands

Question 19

Inferior salivatory nucleus exits where?

Answer 19

With CN IX…innervates parotid

Question 20

Vagus nerve does what

Answer 20

Parasympathetic to the heart, lungs, and intestines…. decreases heart rate, constrict bronchial tree, dilate intestinal vessels, increase peristalsis.

Question 21

Myenteric plexus mainly does what

Answer 21

regulates gut smooth muscle and motility

Question 22

submucosal plexus

Answer 22

secretions

Question 23

Myenteric plexus lies between longitudinal and circular muscle layer. submucosal plexus lies under circular layer

Answer 23

ok

Question 24

Outflow of ANS regulated by

Answer 24

Amygdala and hypothalamus

Question 25

Horner’s syndrome

Answer 25

unilateral ptosis (eyelid droop) and meiosis (small pupil)

Question 26

If you have lesion in the spinal cord or brainstem what kind of sweating manifestation would you expect?

Answer 26

A loss of sweating (anhidrosis) over the entire left side of the body below the lesion

Question 27

If you had a peripheral lesion of the sympathetics serving the eye you would only expect loss of sweating on the

Answer 27

head and face on the side od the lesion

Question 28

Sympathetics to the eye exit the sympathetic pathway where

Answer 28

T1-T2 nerve root

Question 29

Baroreceptors provide information about blood pressure to what nucleus via what nerves

Answer 29

Nucleus solitarius via glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves

Question 30

Chemoreceptors provide info on oxygen and co2 concentration in the blood to what nucleus via what nerves

Answer 30

nucleus solitarius via CN 9 and 10

Question 31

Bladder fullness travels to thalamus and cortex via

Answer 31

spinothalamic tracts

Question 32

very fullness of the bladder is sensed by mechanoreceptors where

Answer 32

trigone area, travels to thalamus and cortex via posterior columns

Question 33

Sympathetics innervate teh detrussor and allow what

Answer 33

relaxation and storage.

Sympathetics also allow urine retention by causing the internal urethral sphincter in males to contract

Question 34

Prior to voluntary control of the bladder around 3 years, what reflexively empties the bladder

Answer 34

The pontine micturition center