Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
Anatomic difference between somatic motor system and autonomic?
Somatic motor system = lower motor neuron sends its axon to directly innervate its target organ.
Autonomicefferent system is comprised of two efferent neurons. A preganglionic neuron and its fiber and a postganglionic neuron and its fiber.
Preganglionic neurotransmitter of both the symapthetic and parasympathetic systems is
Ach
Neurotransmitter for postganglionic parasympathetic
Ach
Neurotransmitter for post-ganglionic sympathetic
Norep, unless you are talking about sweat glands or erector pili for hair
Adrenal gland exception?
Innervated directly by preganglionic Ach. KNOW
Know autonomic functions on slide 7
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The main point of the autonomic NS is to provide rapid but short term responses to stimuli.
Regulation of things like temperature, metabolism, heart rate, and bp are generally managed over the long term by endocrine organs. Short term management is accomplished via autonomic system
Summarize the neurotransmitter situation between sympathetics and parasympathetics
Parasympathetics use ACh as pre and post ganglionic neurotransmitter
Sympathetics use ACh as the pre-ganglionic neurotransmitter and Norepinephrine as the post-ganglionic neurotransmitter. That is, unless we are referencing the erector pili or sweat glands which still respond to Ach as their postganglionic NT
Also note that the adrenals receicve direct pre-ganglionic ACh sympathetic innervation
Primary ANS neurons of origin lie where
Hypothalamus
Sympathetic nervous system secondary neurons lie where
intermediolateral gray matter of the T1-L3 Spinal cord segments. KNOW
Parasympathetic nervous sytem secondary neurons lie in what areas of the SC
Cranial Sacral
Sympathetic does what to the pupils?
Dilates them to give full vision
Parasympathetic cnstricts them so you can see close up
Parasympathetic and sympathetic on the glands
Parasympathetic- increased secretions, watery secretions
Sympathetic- decreased secretions, thick secretions
Constriction of the coronary arteries via the the sympathetic nervous system occurs via which receptor
alpha receptor
Beta receptors dilate
Alpha receptors
Constrict
Beta receptors
Dilate
Parasympathetic allows you to pop a wood, sympa lets you shoot
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Superior salivatory nuclei exits where
with cranial nerve VII….innervates lacrimal and salivary glands
Inferior salivatory nucleus exits where?
With CN IX…innervates parotid
Vagus nerve does what
Parasympathetic to the heart, lungs, and intestines…. decreases heart rate, constrict bronchial tree, dilate intestinal vessels, increase peristalsis.
Myenteric plexus mainly does what
regulates gut smooth muscle and motility
submucosal plexus
secretions
Myenteric plexus lies between longitudinal and circular muscle layer. submucosal plexus lies under circular layer
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Outflow of ANS regulated by
Amygdala and hypothalamus
Horner’s syndrome
unilateral ptosis (eyelid droop) and meiosis (small pupil)
If you have lesion in the spinal cord or brainstem what kind of sweating manifestation would you expect?
A loss of sweating (anhidrosis) over the entire left side of the body below the lesion
If you had a peripheral lesion of the sympathetics serving the eye you would only expect loss of sweating on the
head and face on the side od the lesion
Sympathetics to the eye exit the sympathetic pathway where
T1-T2 nerve root
Baroreceptors provide information about blood pressure to what nucleus via what nerves
Nucleus solitarius via glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
Chemoreceptors provide info on oxygen and co2 concentration in the blood to what nucleus via what nerves
nucleus solitarius via CN 9 and 10
Bladder fullness travels to thalamus and cortex via
spinothalamic tracts
very fullness of the bladder is sensed by mechanoreceptors where
trigone area, travels to thalamus and cortex via posterior columns
Sympathetics innervate teh detrussor and allow what
relaxation and storage.
Sympathetics also allow urine retention by causing the internal urethral sphincter in males to contract
Prior to voluntary control of the bladder around 3 years, what reflexively empties the bladder
The pontine micturition center
