Automatic Flight Flashcards
Explain the meaning of a green light illuminated in any MCP Mode Selector Switch
The switch illuminated to indicate mode selection and that the mode can be deselected by pushing the switch again
Note: Green light = what you selected and what the airplane is doing. You can deselect or hit a different mode to remove the green light.
VOL 2 / 4.2.2.1
Explain the meaning of a Master (MA) F/D indicator light
The Master FCC is indicated by illuminated of the respective master (MA) F/D indicator light. The master FCC is determined as follows:
- with neither A/P engaged in CMD (command mode = autopilot ON), the FCC for the first F/D turned on is the master
- With one or both A/Ps engaged in CMD, the FCC for the first A/P in CMD is the master FCC, regardless of which F/D is turned on first
Note: Independent F/D operation is indicated by illumination of both MA lights
Vol 2 / 4.1.5 & 4.2.2.5
Explain which roll modes are affected by the bank angle selector
- HDG SEL (Heading Select)
- VOR
Note: Airplane DGAF about bank angle if you’re in LNAV or APP mode. It will roll the fuck on over to get that final approach course.
Vol 2 / 4.1.4
Describe the manual methods for Autothrottle engagement and disengagement
Autothrottle Engagement
Moving the magnetically held A/T ARM switch to ARM, arms the A/T for engagement while in the following pitch modes:
- LVL CHG
- ALT ACQ
- V/S
- VNAV
- ALT HLD
- G/S Capture
- TO/GA
Autothrottle Disengagment
Any of the following actions will manually disengage the A/T
- Moving the A/T ARM Switch to OFF
- Pushing either A/T Disengage switch
Note: A/T disengagement is followed by A/T Arm switch releasing to OFF and flashing RED (RED not amber) A/T Disengage lights on the forward panel. The A/T Disengage lights do not illuminate when the A/T automatically disengages after landing touchdown.
Note: A/T may automatically disengage when:
- two seconds have elapsed since landing touchdown
- thrust levers become separated more than 10 degrees, except during takeoff
- significant thrust difference along with control wheel roll input of 10˚ or more throughout the entire flight envelope
VOL 2 / 4.2.1 & 4.2.3 & 4.2.3.1 & 4.2.3.2
Explain what the color green represents in the FMA
Engaged or Captured mode
Note: the active mode
VOL 2 / 4.1.9
Explain what a green box represents in the FMA
A mode change highlight symbol (rectangle) is drawn around each pitch, roll, CWS, A/P status, and thrust engaged annunciation for a period of 10 seconds after each engagement
VOL 2 / 4.1.9
Explain what the color white represents in the FMA
Armed modes are shown in smaller white letters at the bottom of the FMA (flight mote annunciation boxes)
VOL 2 / 4.1.9
Explain the different meanings of the AFDS Autopilot Status Annunciations:
CMD, FD, CWS P, CWS R, SINGLE CH (amber), SINGLE CH (green), and AUTPILOT
The following AFDS status annunciations are displayed in the A/P status display located above the attitude indicator:
CMD - one or both autopilots are engaged
FD - the fight director is ON and the autopilot is either OFF or engaged in CWS
CWS P - pitch mode engaged in CWS (control wheel steering)
CWS R - roll mode engaged in CWS (control wheel steering)
SINGLE CH (amber) - For single A/P ILS approach, annunciates after localizer capture and remains on for entire approach. For dual A/P ILS approach, annunciates after localizer capture and extinguishes after pitch monitor confidence test is successfully completed (then goes to green CMD)
SINGLE CH (green) - for an IAN approach, annunciates after FAC capture and remains on until AP disengaged or 100ft RA
AUTOPILOT (flashing amber) - Autopilot remains engaged below 100 ft RA for an IAN approach
Note:
IAN - Integrated Approach Navigation
VOL 2 / 4.1.9 & 4.2.2.6
Explain what conditions must be met before a second autopilot can be engaged
- Both VHF NAV received tuned to the ILS frequency (ok no shit)
- Approach Mode (APP) selected
- Second A/P engaged in CMD prior to 800ft RA
Explain the function of the A/P DISENGAGE bar
Pull Down:
- Exposes yellow background
- Disengages both A/Ps
- Prevents A/P engagement
Lift Up:
- Conceals yellow background
- Enables A/P engagement
Note: no one uses this
VOL 2 / 4.1.5
Explain the meaning of an illuminated Amber A/P Autopilot Disengage light on the forward panel
A/P Illuminated (amber) and flashing: autopilot reverted to CWS Pitch or Roll mode while in CMD
Reset by P/RST (push to reset) either light or selecting another mode
Explain the meaning of an illuminated Red A/P Autopilot Disengage light on the forward panel
A/P Illuminated (red) and flashing:
- Flashes and tone sounds when autopilot has disengaged
A/P illuminated (red) and steady:
- stabilizer out of trim below 800ft RA on dual channel approach OR;
- ALT ACQ mode inhibited during A/P go-around if stabilizer not trimmed for since A/P operation OR;
- automatic ground system tests fail
- Reset by pushing R/RST (push to reset) either light or either A/P disengage switch
VOL 2 / 4.1.7
Explain the indications of a disengaged Autothrottle
Flashing red A/T P/RST Light on the forward Panel
VOL 2 / 4.1.7
Explain the meaning of the amber STAB OUT OF TRIM light on the left forward panel
Autopilot not trimming stabilizer properly
Note: Operates only with A/P engaged
VOL 2 / 4.1.7
Explain what will happen on approach when TO/GA is selected below 2000ft RA
- No A/P or single A/P engaged: Disconnects autopilot (if engaged) and requires manual F/D go around
- Both A/Ps engaged (with FLARE armed on the FMA): A/P go-around mode is activated. A/Ps remain engaged
VOL 2 / 4.2.4.6 & 4.2.4.6.1 & 4.2.6.2
Know the difference in command thrust when selecting TO/GA once versus twice during a go-around
First push: A/T provides reduced go-around N1 to produce 1000 to 2000 fpm rate of climb (GA on FMA)
Second push: A/T advances to the full go around N1 limit (N1 on FMA)
VOL 2 / 4.2.4.6.2
Specify the AFDS Flight Mode Annunciations and their location
The Flight Mode Annunciations (FMA) are displayed just above the attitude indicator on the PFD. The mode annunciations from left to right are:
- Autothrottle
- Roll
- Pitch
VOL 2 / 4.1.9
Explain the meaning of the AFDS FMA Autothrottle Modes
N1 - the autothrottle maintains thrust at the selected N1 limit displayed on the thrust mode display, including full go-around N1 limit
GA - the autothrottle maintains thrust at reduced go-around setting
RETARD - displayed while autothrottle moves thrust levers to the aft stop
FMC SPD - the autothrottle maintains speed set in the MCP IAS/MACH display (window)
THR HLD - the thrust lever autothrottle servos are inhibited; the pilot can set the thrust levers manually
ARM (white) - no autothrottle mode engaged. The thrust lever autothrottle servos are inhibited; the pilot can set thrust levers manually. Minimum speed protection is provided
VOL 2 / 4.1.9 & 4.2.2.7.1
Explain the meaning of the AFDS FMA Pitch Modes
TO/GA - (takeoff) engaged for takeoff by turning both F/D switches ON and pushing either TO/GA switch
TO/GA - (go-around) engaged for go-around by pushing the TO/GA switch under the following conditions:
- in flight below 2000ft RA altitude OR
- in flight above 2000ft RA with flaps not up or G/S captured
- not in takeoff mode
- either F/D ON or OFF
VNAV SPD - the AFDS maintains the FMC speed displayed on the airspeed indicator and/or the CDU CLIMB or DESCENT pages
VNAV PTH - the AFDS maintains FMC altitude or descent path with pitch commands
V/S (engaged, green) - commands pitch to hold selected vertical speed
V/S (armed, white) - V/S mode can be engaged by moving Vertical Speed thumbwheel
ALT ACQ - transition maneuver entered automatically from V/S, LVL CHG, or VNAV climb or descent to selected MCP altitude. Engages but does not annunciate during VNAV transition.
ALT HOLD - commands pitch to hold MCP selected altitude or uncorrected barometric altitude at which ALT HOLD switch was pushed
MCP SPD - pitch commands maintain IAS/MACH window airspeed or mach
G/S (armed, white) - the AFDS is armed for G/S capture
G/S (engaged, green) - the AFDS follows the ILS glideslope
FLARE (armed, white) - during a dual A/P ILS approach, FLARE is displayed after LOC and G/S capture and below 1500ft RA. The second A/P couples with the flight controls and A/P go-around mode arms
FLARE (engaged, green) - during a dual A/P ILD approach, flare engages at 50ft RA. FLARE accomplished the autoland flare maneuver
G/P (armed, white) - the AFDS is armed for G/P capture
G/P (engaged, green) - the AFDS follows the IAN glide path
VOL 2 / 4.2.2.7.2
Explain the meanings of the AFDS FMA Roll Modes
LNAV (engaged, green) - the AFDS intercepts and tracks the active FMA route
LNAV (armed, white) - the AFDS is armed (prior to takeoff) to engage LNAV at 50ft RA
LNAV (armed, white) - in the approach phase and a missed approach exists in the flight plan
HDG SEL - the airplane is turning to, or is on the heading selected in the MCP Heading Display
VOR/LOC (armed, white) - AFDS is armed to capture selected VOR or LOC course
VOR/LOC (engaged, green) - AFDS tracks selected VOR course or tracks selected localizer course along the inbound front course bearing
FAC (armed, white) - the AFDS is armed to capture the IAN final approach course
FAC (engaged, green) - the AFDS tracks the IAN final approach course along the inbound course bearing
B/CRS (armed, white) - the AFDS is armed to capture the localizer final approach back course
B/CRS (engaged, green) - the AFDS tracks the localizer final approach course along the inbound back course bearing.
Note: Delta does not use back course approaches in the 737
VOL 2 / 4.2.2.7.3
Explain how the arm/engage the Integrated Approach Navigation (IAN) modes and their meaning
The Integrated Approach Navigation (IAN) modes are armed/engaged by selecting the APP button on the AFDS Mode Control Panel (MCP). Once armed, the autopilot/flight director will capture and track the localizer/final approach course and glide slope or glide path.
The following roll and pitch mode control annunciations of the FMA will be displayed for each type of approach:
- ILS - VOR/LOC & G/S
- FMC IAN - FAC & G/P
- ILS with G/S selected off or a localizer only approach - VOR/LOC and G/P
VOL 2 / 4.2.4.11
Describe go-around roll mode- LNAV in lieu of track hold
- When a missed approach exists in the flight plan and the FCCs are capable of entering go-around, LNAV armed will be annunciated on the FMA. Track hold will automatically transition to LNAV during a missed approach
- During autoland operations with FLARE armed or FLARE engage displayed, if TO/GA is pressed, LNAV will engage when the airplane is above 400ft. Below that altitude the roll mode will be track hold.
- During an approach without FLARE arm or FLARE engage, if TO/GA is pressed, LNAV will engage when the airplane is above 50ft. Below that altitude the roll mode will be track hold
VOL 2 / 4.2.4.6.4
Explain the function of the SPEED switch on the MCP
Push - (when the light is NOT already illuminated)
- engages A/T in SPEED mode if compatible with engaged AFDS modes
- illuminates SPEED switch light
- Maintains speed in MCP IAS/MACH display
Push - (when the light already is illuminated)
- deselects speed mode and extinguished the light
- engages A/T in ARM mode
Note: normally autothrottle SPEED modes are automatically engaged with the selection of compatible pitch modes without making separate selection with this switch. It is also possible to use this switch to deselect the SPEED mode while the light is illuminated to temporarily put the A/T system in ARM
VOL 2 / 4.1.2
Explain the function of the Speed Intervention (SPD INTV) switch on the MCP
Push (only when VNAV engaged)
- IAS/MACH display alternately shows selected IAS/MACH and blanks
- when IAS/MACH display is unblanked, FMC speed intervention is active, FMC target speed is displayed, and IAS/MACH selector may be used to set desired speed
- when IAS/MACH display is blank, FMC computed target speed is active and displayed on the airspeed indicator
VOL 2 / 4.1.2
Explain the function of the VNAV Switch on the MCP
Push:
- VNAV switch light illuminates
- Pitch mode annunciates VNAV SPD, VNAV PTH
- A/T mode annunciates: FMC SPD, N1, RETARD or ARM (white)
- IAS/MACH display blanks and airspeed cursors positioned to FMC command airspeed
VOL 2 / 4.1.3
Explain the function of the Level Change (LVL CHG) Switch on the MCP
Push:
- LVL CHG switch light illuminates
- pitch mode annunciates MCP SPD for climb or descent
- autothrottle mode annunciates N1 for climb or RETARD followed by ARM (white) for descent
- IAS/MACH display and airspeed cursors display target speed
VOL 2 / 4.1.3
Explain the function of the Altitude Hold (ALT HLD) Switch on the MCP
Push:
- engages ALT HOLD command mode
- Commands pitch to hold uncorrected barometric altitude at which switch was pressed
- annunciates ALT HOLD pitch mode and illuminates ALT HLD switch light
VOL 2 / 4.1.3
Explain the function of the Vertical Speed (V/S) Switch on the MCP
Push:
- arms or engages V/S command mode
- commands pitch to hold vertical speed
- engages A/T in speed mode to hold selected airspeed (opens speed window)
- annunciates V/S pitch mode and illuminates V/S Switch light
VOL 2 / 4.1.3
Explain the function of the Altitude Intervention (ALT INTV) Switch on the MCP
Allows manual deletion of next FMC altitude constraint via altitude SEL and ALT INTV switch.
Push: (during VNAV climb)
- lowest FMC altitude constraint below selected MCP altitude is deleted
- if airplane is currently at an FMC altitude constraint, deletion allows airplane to resume climb. MCP altitude must be set above current altitude
- for each press of switch, one deletion occurs
- if MCP altitude is set above current FMC altitude, FMC cruise altitude resets MCP altitude. FMC cruise altitude cannot be decreased using ALT INTV switch
Push: (during VNAV cruise)
- if MCP altitude is set above current FMC cruise altitude, FMC resets cruise altitude to MCP altitude and initiates a cruise climb
- if MCP altitude is set below current FMC cruise altitude, an early descent is initiated. Lower FMC cruise altitude cannot be entered using ALT INTV switch
Push: (during VNAV descent)
- the highest FMC altitude constraint above MCP altitude is deleted
- if airplane is currently at an FMC altitude constraint, deletion allows airplane to continue descent. MCP altitude must be set below current altitude
- if all FMC altitude constaints are deleted during VNAV path descent, an automatic transition to a VNAV speed descent is made.
VOL 2 / 4.1.3
Explain the function of the LNAV switch on the MCP
Push:
- commands AFDS roll to intercept and track the active FMC route
- annunciates LNAV as roll mode and illuminates the LNAV switch
VOL 2 / 4.1.4
Explain the function of the VOR Localizer (LOC) Switch on the MCP
Push:
- commands AFDS roll to capture and track selected VOR or LOC course
- annunciates VOR/LOC armed or engaged as roll mode
- illuminates VOR LOC switch light
VOL 2 / 4.1.4