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Pediatrics PT III > Autism > Flashcards

Autism Flashcards

1
Q

What is autism?

A
  • Neurobiological (brain) disorder that affects one’s ability to communicate, reason and interact with others
  • Autism is referred to as a spectrum disorder (ASD) - meaning the symptoms can occur in any combination and with varying degrees of severity
  • It is a lifelong disability
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2
Q

According to the DSM5, what are the essential features of autism for diagnosis?

A
  • Persistent impairment in reciprocal communication and social interaction
  • Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities

*These symptoms are present from early childhood and limit or impair everyday functioning.

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3
Q

True or false: Autism is the fastest growing developmental disorder in the country

A

True, its increasing so fast Lori couldn’t put the current stats on the powerpoint.

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4
Q

What is the incidence of autism?

A

1:68 children
1:42 boys
1:189 girls
(4-5x as many boys as girls)

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5
Q

Common signs of autism

A 
●Poor eye contact or not aware of others
●Fails to respond or smile
●Doesn’t develop speech or loses it
●Not responsive to other people’s facial expressions
●Throws intense/violent tantrums
●Inappropriate attachment to objects
●Becomes disturbed at change
●Spends a lot of time lining objects up
●Lack of imaginative play
●Repetitive movements
●Doesn’t point or gesture
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6
Q

At what age should a baby babble or coo

A

12 mo

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7
Q

At what age should a baby point, wave or grasp

A

12 mo

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8
Q

By what age should a baby be able to say single words?

A

16 mo

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9
Q

By which age should a baby be able to say 2 word phrases?

A

2 years

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10
Q

True of False: Language and social skills are the kind of thing that come and go as you age

A

False, its always a red flag

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11
Q

What role to genetics play in autism?

A

Genes 15%

  • 100 gene mutations are risk factors
  • you can be a carrier and not develop autism
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12
Q

What is the cause of autism?

A

Autism has no single known cause

  • genetics+environment
  • abnormalities in cerebellum, amygdaloid, hippocampus
  • having an old father
  • premie/VLBW
  • infection during pregnancy/ complications
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13
Q

How does one test for autism?

A

● There is no medical test for Autism
● DX based on observed behavior, educational and psychological testing (by a licensed psychologist, licensed clinical social worker, neurologist, psychiatrist, developmental pediatrician)
● Diagnostic tools – M-CHAT, CARS, ADOS, DSM – 5 criteria

MCHAT and CARS= interval test
ADOS has concrete rating

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14
Q

What is the average age of diagnosis for autism? Parental concern?

A

Average dx: 3 years

Parental concern: 14-18 mo

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15
Q

Applied Behavioral Analysis

A

Educational Tx

  • task driven
  • positive reinforcement
  • How learning takes place based on specific task components
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16
Q

Relationship based Development (RDI)/ Floortime

A

Child driven educational tx

17
Q

What does TEACCH stand for?

A

Training and Education of Autisticand Related Communication-Handicapped Children

18
Q

True or false, biological/ dietary tx is covered by the school district

A

False

19
Q

True or false: different kids can make improvements with different dietary changes, such as eliminating caesin and gluten

A

True

20
Q

Which vitamin is the most supplemented as a dietary treatment for autism?

A

B 12

21
Q

Which medication is prescribed to specifically treat autism?

A

There is no specific medication, however, medication is prescribed to treat associated conditions and comorbidities

Treat associated conditions: irritability, anxiety, self injurious behaviors

Treat co-morbidities: asthma, eczema, food allergies, colitis, chronic headaches

22
Q

List 3 methods of communication that are used during autism treatment

A

● Visual strategies; using pictures for communication
- Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
● American Sign Language (ASL)
● Facilitated communication

23
Q

Which motor deficits are often present in children with autism?

A

● Odd gait
● Clumsiness
● Toe walking
● 30% have moderate to severe “loss of muscle tone”

24
Q

Where do children with autism go to school?

A

Children with autism may be educated in partially or
fully-integrated classrooms within the regular school
system.

Higher-functioning individuals may be mainstreamed for all or a portion of their school day.

Others may require placement in a special education setting to receive an appropriate education.

Pediatrics PT III (18 decks)

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