Authoritarian 2: What Autocracies Are and How They Begin Flashcards

1
Q

Restriction on political Parties

A

complete ban on parties (Pinochet Chile) vs only minor restriction (PRI Mexico)

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2
Q

Why is is hard to classify Autocracies?

A
  • formal institutions may be utterly meaningless
  • ideal types are neither mutually exclusive nor collectively exhaustive
  • collapses and classifies based on conceptually distinct dimensions of authoritarian politics
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3
Q

What are the ways of analyzing Authoritarian Politcis?

A
  1. autocratic spells on the country level
  2. leadership tenures on the leader level
  3. regime durations on the regime/ruling coalition level
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4
Q

What are regimes?

A
  1. autocratic spells on the country level
  2. leadership tenures on the leader level
  3. regime durations on the regime/ruling coalition level
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5
Q

What are regimes?

A

they are (often informal) rules that identify the group which leaders can come and that determine leadership choice and policy decisions

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6
Q

What are Autocracies?

A

whatever is not a democracy (a residual category)

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7
Q

Can Autocratic institutions be taken at face value?

A

No. they have questionable relevance of formal institutions.

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8
Q

On the Polity Index, list governments from MOST democratic to MOST Autocratic

A

Liberal Democracy, Electoral Democracy, (transitions to Authoritarian Democracy) Electoral Autocracy, Closed Autocracy

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9
Q

What are the two criteria for a democracy

A
  1. free and independent legislative elections
  2. executive is elected in free and competitive presidential elections or indirectly by a legislature
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10
Q

What is a minimalist def of Autocracy/dictatorship

A

an independent country that fails at least one of the two criteria for democracy

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11
Q

What is an Autocratic Spell

A

an uninterrupted period of autocratic rule

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12
Q

What are the problems with typologies in Authoritarian Politics?

A
  1. collapses and classifies based on conceptually distinct dimensions of authoritarian politics
  2. ideal types are neither mutually exclusive nor collectively exhaustive
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12
Q

What are three types of Autocracies?

A
  1. Military Dictatorship
  2. Single-Party dictatorships
  3. personalist regimes
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13
Q

When do most autocratic spells begin

A

in a newly independent countries or after democratic breakdown

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14
Q

typologies vs Theoretical dimensions of Authoritarian Politics

A

Maybe it would be better to think in terms of dimensions of political organization in autocracies

  • Military involvement in politics (pureley civillian gov vs direct military involvment)
  • Restriction on political Parties
    -Concentration of power
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14
Q

Military involvement in politics

A

purely civilian gov (Communist Czech) vs direct military involvement (Argentina Junta)

15
Q

Concentration of power

A

wide power sharing (late PRI Mexico) vs Single Dictator (Stalin, Mao)

16
Q

Restriction on political Parties

A

complete ban on parties (Pinochet Chile) vs only minor restriction (PRI Mexico)

17
Q

What are the ways of analyzing Authoritarian Politcis?

A
  1. leadership tenures on the leader level
  2. regime durations on the regime/ruling coalition level
  3. autocratic spells on the country level
18
Q

Why is is hard to classify Autocracies?

A
  • formal institutions may be utterly meaningless
  • ideal types are neither mutually exclusive nor collectively exhaustive
  • collapses and classifies based on conceptually distinct dimensions of authoritarian politics
19
Q

What are regimes?

A

they are (often informal) rules that identify the group which leaders can come and that determine leadership choice and policy decisions

20
Q

Multiple Leaders can rule during an autocratic regime (T/F)

A

True. A single continuous autocratic spell can conceal multiple consecutive autocratic regimes

21
Q

Autocratic spells vs regime Duration country level data issues

A

Country level data overestimates the stability of authoritarian regimes and may bias our understanding of how they begin and how they work

22
Q

Leader Tenure vs regime Duration data issues

A

Leadership level data underestimates the stability of authoritarian regimes and may bias our understanding of how they begin and how they work

23
Q

How do Autocracies begin?

A

Ousters of incumbents usually occur when things go badly, i.e. when the economy is in trouble, when disorder and violence makes people unsafe and/or when scandals or arbitrary brutality has discredited incumbents.

24
Q

How are methods to replace an incumbent made?

A

strategic and reflects the resources, capacities, and comparative advantages of the seizure group

24
Q

Methods of insurgencies

A

are comparatively costly and rarely successful.

25
Q

Methods of Military officers

A

Methods of Military officers

26
Q

Methods of parties already in power

A

chose authoritarianization and change the rules of the game