Autacoid practice questions 2011

Question 1

A prostaglandins that stimulates the secretion of neurohormones is
A. Alprostadil (PGE1)
B. Dinoprost (PGF 2)
C. Dinoprostone (PGE2)
D. Carboprost (15 methyl PGF2α

Answer 1

C. Dinoprostone (PGE2) AKA Prostin E2, prepidil, and cervidil

PGE2 affects the secretion of neurohormone, e.g. release of FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, prolactin, and growth hormone.

Question 2

• It acts on adenylyl cyclase w/ alpha s
• it causes bronchodilation and decreased production of bronchial mucus
• it’s cytoprotective in the gut
• it causes vasodilation
• it’s involved w/ potentiation of histamine and bradykinin-induced pain
• it affects secretion of neurohormones
• it inhibits release of norepi (NE) from postganglionic symp nerve endings
• it induces fever via EP3 receptor
• Dinoprostone is approved for inducing abortion in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy
• it facilitates tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis through multiple biologic effects.
• it and PGF2alpha induce labor at term and are used to facilitate labor by promoting ripening and dilation of cervix before induction of labor w/ oxytocin
• increased synthesis of it and PGF2alpa can cause dysmenorrhea

Answer 2

PGE2

Question 3

• It’s synthesis occurs in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells
• it increases cAMP levels
• it increases bronchial mucus production
• it’s a vasodilator
• it’s a bronchodilator
• it inhibits platelet aggregation
• it induces plasminogen activator
• it has cytoprotective effect
• it inhibits Ca2+ mobilization
• it and PGE2 sensitize the peripheral nerve endings to pain by increasing their terminal membrane excitability
• Prostacyclin (epoprostenol) is used to treat severe pulmonary hypertension and occasionally used to prevent platelet aggregation in dialysis machines
• epoprostenol is used in treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension

Answer 3

PGI2 AKA alprostadil (caverject, edex)

Question 4

• it’s also known as dinoprost
• it’s also known as carboprost
• it causes contraction of circular muscle in GI tract
• it causes bronchoconstriction
• it causes uterine contractions and is essential for the onset of parturition
• along with PGE2, it induces labor at term and use to facilitate labor by promoting ripening and dilation of the cervix before induction of labor with Oxytocin.
• as carboprost, it’s used to induced second-trimester abortions and to control postpartum hemorrhage.
• increased synthesis of it and PGE2 during menstruation leads to dysmenorrhea
• latanoprost is a derivative of it. latanoprost is used to treat glaucoma.

Answer 4

PGF2-alpha