Attitues And Motivation Flashcards
Definition of an attitude?
An emotional response that influences behaviour and brings about an individuals typical actions towards an attitude object
Attitude characteristics?
An attitude can be positive
An attitude is a learned, typical response, based on a belief about an attitude object
Attitudes can last a lifetime, but are unstable, meaning that they can be changed
Positive and negative attitude examples?
E.g. an athlete may have a positive attitude towards training as it is enjoyable and they believe that it benefits performance
E.g. a person could have a negative attitude towards women’s weightlifting, as they believe it to be a sport more suited for men
What makes a positive and negative attitude?
Pleasurable experiences lead to a positive attitude, whereas unpleasant experiences, lead to a negative attitude
What influences our attitude?
The norms of a social group develop the attitude, e.g. the group normally be to join team sports like Cricket
Religious beliefs may shape attitudes, e.g. some athletes feel they cannot compete on Sunday
Cultural factors and the media are other examples
Role models
Stereotypes
What are the three components of attitude?
Cognitive component
Affective component
Behavioural component
What is cognitive component?
Cognitive component is the belief or knowledge a person has about the attitude object e.g. running helps to improve my cardiovascular system
What is the Affective component?
The emotional aspect of attitude, whether the attitude object gives a good feeling
Enjoyment will produce a positive emotional feeling
E.g. I enjoy the physical feeling when I run
What is the behavioural component?
The response or behaviour toward the attitude object
If the cognitive and the affective components are positive, then the response to the attitude object will be positive
E.g I believe running has fitness benefits and the activity is enjoyable therefore I will run
Persuasive communication characteristics?
The persuader - this person needs to have high status e.g. the coach of the team
The recipient - an attitude is easily changed. If the recipient really wanted to change, e.g. the player understand why change is needed
The message - this needs to be presented in a way that makes the player want to change e.g. you have the skill to perform this tactic.
The situation - attitudes are change more easily. If a The Persuaders are present, e.g. team members to provide encouragement.
What is Cognitive dissonance?
By adapting one component the whole triadic model can be changed
Changing elements with examples?
Cognitive element- learning to swim helps keep you safe
Affective element- learning with toys is fun and the water in the learning pool is warm
Behavioural element-using mechanical guidance, e.g. using armbands makes swimming easier
What is motivation?
The drive, energy and effort of an individual applied to achieve a goal
Intrinsic motivation is?
The drive from within a person to perform a task or activity for its own sake
Performance is driven by the pursuit of personal satisfaction and challenge
E.g. climbing a mountain for personal reward
Extrinsic motivation is?
The drive to perform a task activity in order to achieve a tangible reward
Performance is driven by external factors
E.g. taking part in a rugby tournament to win a trophy
