Attitudes and behaviour Flashcards
What is an attitude?
An evaluation of an object which is either goof or bad
What are the two assumptions of an attitude?
- We have conscious access to an attitude
2. An attitude is a cause of a behaviour
How are explicit attitudes tested?
By asking questions where the participant contemplates their attitude and gives their response, the question often being phrased in a number of ways
How are implicit attitudes commonly tested?
By giving a participant limited response time to a stimulus and so showing a participants automatic response
What did Divido et al 2001 find?
That both explicit and implicit attitudes exist separately of each other, in the case of racism with opposite directions.
What did LaPierre’s hospitality study show?
That in 1934 although hotels, restaurants and caravans weren’t likely to refuse a Chinese couple service, when given subsequent questionnaires 92% said they would
What is the principle of compatibility?
That an attitude must be specific in order to predict a specific behaviour
What is the theory of planned behaviour?
That subjective norm, own attitude and percieved behavioural control all influence behavioural intention which goes on to influence whether a behaviour is exhibited
What is perceived behavioral control?
Beliefs about how much control individuals have over their actions
What is self-perception theory?
Bem 1967 - we infer our attitudes from our own behaviour
What is the own-justification effect?
Incentives can undermine motivation because we won’t attribute our behaviour to intrinsic interest
Give an example of embodied social cognition
Participants holding pen in teeth rather than lips more likely to rate cartoon as funny (forced smile)
Give an example of misattribution of arousal
Male participants more likely to mistake physiological arousal in response to scary stimuli for attraction to female researcher
