Attention and Consciousness Flashcards
__ is when a person does not notice even a major change in a scene. Example: Stage magicians use covert misdirection to accomplish their craft.
Change blindness
__ is a phenomenon where people fail to notice an unexpected object or event that is clearly visible, because their attention is focused on something else
Inattentional blindness
What paradigm is being described with the following process:
1. The subject maintains their attention on a fixation cross while the stimulus appears on one of two nearby boxes.
2. The subject presses a button to indicate where the stimulus is as soon as they notice the stimulus.
3. A cue may suggest where the stimulus will appear.
Attentional Orienting Paradigms
In the Attentional Orienting Paradigms, if the cue correctly predicts the stimulus, there is a ___; but if not, there is ___.
Reaction time benefit
Reaction time cost
In attentional orienting paradigms, ___ mechanisms focus voluntary attention, also known as ___.
Top-down
Endogenous Attention
In attentional orienting paradigms, ___ mechanisms focus involuntary attention, also known as ___.
Bottom-up
Exogenous Attention
What paradigm is being described with the following process:
1. The subject is presented with a series of stimuli that are all then same, then a novel stimulus is presented.
2. A physiological measure, such as fMRI or EEG, is used to monitor the response to the novel stimulus.
Oddball Paradigm
In the Oddball Paradigm, the novel stimulus is also known as the __.
Oddball
__ occurs when the stimulus can be interpreted in one way, or if you present a different image to each eye, the precept alternates between the two.
Perceptual Rivalry
__ is the concentration of mental energy that must be used to process incoming information, and is selective, limited and both conscious and unconscious.
Attention
___ can speed or slow processing and let us know what’s going on early cognitive processes, information processing in unconscious level.
Priming
In __, target stimuli are processed faster if preceded by a related word.
Facilitative Priming
In priming, __ requires no conscious control and __ requires conscious control.
Automatic Processing; Controlled Processing
In functions of conscious attention, __ means actively searching for a target and where number of targets and distracters influence accuracy.
Search
In searching, __ is looking for the letter O among the letter Ls.
Feature Search
In searching, __ is looking for the letter T among the letter Ls.
Conjunctive Search
__ is being described in the statement: Individual Feature processing is done in parallel. Simultaneous processing is done on the whole display and if feature is present– we detect it.
Feature Searching
__ requires attention to the integration or combination of the features. Attention to particular combination of features must be done sequentially to detect presence of a certain combination.
Conjunctive Searching
In search, __ happens when a target is defined by a single feature.
Feature Searching
In search, __ happens when a target is defined by a two or more features.
Conjunctive Searching
In the selectivity of attention, the __ presents the questions: How are we able to follow one conversation in the presence of other conversations?
Cocktail Party Problem
In the models of selective attention, ___ presents that only one sensory channel is allowed to proceed and stimuli is filtered at sensory level.
Broadbent’s Model
In the models of selective attention, ___ presents that the filter weakens the strength of unattended information.
Treisman Attenuation Model
In the models of selective attention, ___ presents that all stimuli is processed to the level of meaning and their relevance determines further processing and action.
Late Selection Theory
