Attention Flashcards
What is hemispatial neglect?
unilateral injury to parietal lobe, causes people to ignore stimuli on on side of their body
What are two types of attention?
stimulus driven and goal driven
What is stimulus driven attention? What is it supported by?
reflexive, exogenous, supported by ventral attentional network
What is goal driven attention? What is it supported by?
voluntary, endogenous, supported by dorsal attentional network
What is the cocktail party effect?
ability to focus your attention on a particular sitmulus and filtering out other stimulus
What is spatial attention?
form of visual attention, directing attention to a location in space, can be broad or narrow
broad: looking at road narrow: looking at speedometer
Can attention be shifted without eye movement?
Yes, shifts in attention happen faster than we can move our eyes
What regions are involved in eye movement/orientating?
frontal eye field, superior parietal lobe, superior colliculus
What factors influence what people pay attention to?
visual prominence, level of interest, importance, beliefs and expectations, culture
What is inattentional blindness?
failure to see a prominent stimulus, even when staring directly at it
What is change blindness?
inability to detect changes in a scene despite looking directly at it
What is dichotic listening?
two different sounds are played, one in each ear, asked to repeat one and ignore the other
WHat could inattentional blindness and change blindness result from?
failure to percieve the stimulus and fialure to remember the stimulus
What is early selection hypothesis?
only attended input is analyzed and perceived, unattended info is never perceived
What is late selection hypothesis?
all inputs are analyzed, selection after analysis are forgotten, selection may be conscious or not
What is repitition priming?
from a prior encounter with the stimulus, requires no effort, stimulus driven
What is expectation-driven priming?
deliberate priming of detectors for expected inputs, takes effort, only for attended interest
What are the two stages in the feature integration theory?
preattentive stage, and focused attention stage
What is divided attention?
performing multiple tasks simultaneously
What makes dividing attention easier?
if the two task are very different, if both spatial it would be hard
What are the four purposes of executive control?
monitoring, working memory, shfiting, inhibitory control
What do practiced skills require?
fewer or less frequent use of mental resources
What is automaticity?
tasks that are well practiced and require little to no executive control
What is stroop interference/effect?
harder to say the colour of a word if the word spells a different colour
