Attention

Question 1

What is hemispatial neglect?

Answer 1

unilateral injury to parietal lobe, causes people to ignore stimuli on on side of their body

Question 2

What are two types of attention?

Answer 2

stimulus driven and goal driven

Question 3

What is stimulus driven attention? What is it supported by?

Answer 3

reflexive, exogenous, supported by ventral attentional network

Question 4

What is goal driven attention? What is it supported by?

Answer 4

voluntary, endogenous, supported by dorsal attentional network

Question 5

What is the cocktail party effect?

Answer 5

ability to focus your attention on a particular sitmulus and filtering out other stimulus

Question 6

What is spatial attention?

Answer 6

form of visual attention, directing attention to a location in space, can be broad or narrow

broad: looking at road narrow: looking at speedometer

Question 7

Can attention be shifted without eye movement?

Answer 7

Yes, shifts in attention happen faster than we can move our eyes

Question 8

What regions are involved in eye movement/orientating?

Answer 8

frontal eye field, superior parietal lobe, superior colliculus

Question 9

What factors influence what people pay attention to?

Answer 9

visual prominence, level of interest, importance, beliefs and expectations, culture

Question 10

What is inattentional blindness?

Answer 10

failure to see a prominent stimulus, even when staring directly at it

Question 11

What is change blindness?

Answer 11

inability to detect changes in a scene despite looking directly at it

Question 12

What is dichotic listening?

Answer 12

two different sounds are played, one in each ear, asked to repeat one and ignore the other

Question 13

WHat could inattentional blindness and change blindness result from?

Answer 13

failure to percieve the stimulus and fialure to remember the stimulus

Question 14

What is early selection hypothesis?

Answer 14

only attended input is analyzed and perceived, unattended info is never perceived

Question 15

What is late selection hypothesis?

Answer 15

all inputs are analyzed, selection after analysis are forgotten, selection may be conscious or not

Question 16

What is repitition priming?

Answer 16

from a prior encounter with the stimulus, requires no effort, stimulus driven

Question 17

What is expectation-driven priming?

Answer 17

deliberate priming of detectors for expected inputs, takes effort, only for attended interest

Question 18

What are the two stages in the feature integration theory?

Answer 18

preattentive stage, and focused attention stage

Question 19

What is divided attention?

Answer 19

performing multiple tasks simultaneously

Question 20

What makes dividing attention easier?

Answer 20

if the two task are very different, if both spatial it would be hard

Question 21

What are the four purposes of executive control?

Answer 21

monitoring, working memory, shfiting, inhibitory control

Question 22

What do practiced skills require?

Answer 22

fewer or less frequent use of mental resources

Question 23

What is automaticity?

Answer 23

tasks that are well practiced and require little to no executive control

Question 24

What is stroop interference/effect?

Answer 24

harder to say the colour of a word if the word spells a different colour